354 HEARINGS BFFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 
about it. I would like to know whether your experience has shown 
that the farmers are to any considerable degree profiting by the work 
you have done there. 
Mr. Map. Decidedly, yes, sir; there is no question about that 
whatever. 
Mr. Brooxs. And is not that same bulletin with regard to the dis- 
tribution of water there a great deal of use in other lines? 
Mr. Meap. I think so. 
Mr. Scorr. I should think it would be. 
Mr. Brooks. In my State the bulletin is very valuable, indeed, in 
the economical use of water in different soils. 
Mr. Meap. The interest in and appreciation of the work we are 
doing in California is shown by the fact that the State legislature at 
its session last year appropriated $10,000 to assist in the prosecution of 
the work in California, and they have left that $10,000—$5,000 to be 
expended each year—absolutely under our direction. 
The Cuarrman. Under the direction of your Bureau? 
Mr. Mxrap. Yes; of Doctor True—under the Office of the Experi- 
ment Stations. 
The CHarrman. Has any other State done the same thing? 
Mr. Merap. Yes, sir. It has not appropriated so much, but the 
State of Nevada appropriated $2,000 for the same sort of work. 
The CHarrMan. Has Colorado appropriated any money. 
Mr. Mrap. No, sir. 
The CHarrman. Colorado is a very rich State. 
Mr. Brooks. They have not appropriated money in that way, but 
they have appropriated very large sums in other ways. 
Mr. Scorr. Let me ask the gentleman from Colorado in what way 
they did appropriate a very large sum? 
Mr. Brooxs. We maintain a State engineer whose duty it is to fol- 
low out lines of work very much like those Mr. Mead is talking about 
now. He has a corps of assistants, and does a great deal of work in 
that line. 
Mr. Scorr. It is devoted almost exclusively to the irrigation work? 
Mr. Brooxs. Yes, sir. 
Mr. Bowrz. It goes to salaries, like everything else, does it? 
oe Brooks. Yes; partly to salaries. Mr. Mead can tell you about 
that. 
Mr. Meap. The work we are doing in California is to determine 
for the people of the State, by a series of experiments carried on in 
the southern and central districts of the State, how much water is 
_needed; to determine the minimum amount of water that is needed in 
the production of crops in that region, and to determine how that 
water can be applied to the best advantage. Those are questions of 
application. 
There is another factor that enters into economy in the use of water, 
and that is distribution, the waste from loss in canals. A great many 
canals in California were built at a time when it was not understood 
that canals through some cause would leak like a sieve, and the result 
of the operation of canals of that character has been that a great deal of 
the water that entered the canal was lost to the canal company so far as 
the distribution was concerned, and it has filled up large areas of the 
soil with seepage water, which, instead of being a benefit, has proved 
a very serious injury and has made the question of the removal of 
