HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 495 
and colleges in the States one those lines, for the purpose of having, 
eventually, scholars in the land along those lines. There is only one. 
thoroughly organized meteorological bureau in the world, and that is 
ours. We have jurisdiction over sufficient territory. We are telling 
the steamboats that start for Great Britain and the continent of 
Europe every morning what kind of weather they will likely have for 
the first three days of the voyage; and we are telling the ships that. 
start from Europe to come here what they are likely to meet coming 
over; and no other country presumes anything of the kind. We are 
reaching out on the Pacific—that great ocean is to be an American 
lake sometime; it is to be our lake; we are going to dominate it. 
We have just succeeded in establishing wireless telegraphy between 
San Francisco and the Farallone Islands successfully. As the com- 
mittee knows, we have been pushing this along our own lines of 
investigation; taking out patents ourselves, and keeping the matter 
independent of the Marconi or any other system. It has certain limi- 
tations up to date, but we know as much as other people know about 
it. I gave instructions to Mr. Moore lately to bring those 14 gentle- 
men—they are observers in certain localities who incidentally lecture 
to these colleges and universities (Yale was the last institution that: 
applied for one)—into a summer schoo] in Washington and strengthen 
their lectures, so that when they go out to entertain classes they can 
do it with effect, to the end that some of those students in meteorology 
will find their way in here and enable us to do better work some day. 
Along the line of soil physics, we are helping to establish that study 
in two institutions to begin with; one is in the State of New York, at. 
the Cornell institution, and the other is in Kentucky, at Lexington. 
I have never had any mercy on institutions that take money from the 
Federal Government and do not use it for the purpose for which Con- 
gress appropriated it, and I have laid the lash unsparingly on any 
Cornell man I have ever met, no matter where or when. They were 
‘better endowed than any institution in the land and should be doing 
the best work of any institution in the land, yet never did anything. 
They have disgusted the State of New York to such an extent that, im 
despair, it had to go and establish an experimental station under its: 
own auspices at Geneva. 
But they heard from the people down here, and they now propose 
to establish a college of agriculture. We sent a man down to start them 
in soil physics. I inquired how he was getting along, and found that he 
got 75 students within a few days, and had to shut the door. That is 
all any one man can teach, and I think it is rather more. Now, we 
will let that man get those eee well started along, and then will 
bring him back, or they will have to pay his salary. We are doing 
the same thing in Kentucky. They see the point of teaching some- 
thing about the soil on which we walk and from which the producer 
draws the food that sustains the world. Weare doing work along 
these lines in a good many places. ; 
I think the Bureau of Plant Industry has cooperation with over forty 
State institutions. The result of all this will be that they will get. 
their heads turned in the right direction; they will see the necessity of 
doing this kind of work; they will train up men along those lines. 
The day will come, I hope, when the Department of Agriculture will 
not be under the necessity of teaching as much as it teaches now. We 
are really a post-graduate institution for the agricultural colleges and 
