HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 431 
Secretary Witson. The college is doing that itself. We are not 
helping them any in the cattle line. 
he Cuarrman. They are doing it; I do not know whether you are 
helping them or not. 
Secretary Witson. Yes; the Chicago live-stock people are helping 
them do something along cattle lines; that is true. But the horse 
has not been touched. 
Mr. Bureson. As a matter of fact, the horses used in the East and 
North for polo ponies are bred in Texas. 
Secretary Wixson. That is the kind of horse that is wanted, and he 
is a high-selling horse. 
The Cuarrman. He is too small for anything except polo; he is too 
small for a cavalry horse. 
Secretary Wixson. But, mind you, the proper wintering of the colt 
the first and second winters would put the weight on him. He has 
got the feet and legs and courage now; he has all those. 
Now, then, we come to plant industry. I suppose you have had 
detailed information with regard to our sugar work. I went out and 
spent a week with the Michigan people, and talked in their barns and 
sheds with them and found out where the sticking place is. Some 
years ago-we grew 29,000 tons of sugar. This year we will have some- 
thing like 260,000 tons of beet sugar. Michigan, for example, is 
growing all the sugar she needs for herself. That has been accom- 
plished there. I find a difficulty exists with regard to raising enough 
of tons to the acre. 
I went out there to study facts and ascertained exactly where the 
sticking place was. We can beat the Europeans; we can beat the cane- 
sugar people because the by-product of sugar beet feeds domestic 
animals. But they do not know how to raise tonnage. Of course we 
will meet that in our annual report; will have a chapter covering that 
particular thing. Last week we went particularly into the consump- 
tion of pulp, and now they are drying the pulp, making a merchant- 
able commodity aad sending it all over the world. 
The Cuarrman. Is that worth heing done under aspecial appropria- 
tion for sugar or under the Bureau of Plant Industry? 
Secretary Wixson. For investigation with ree to what the sugar 
factories are doing for the last seven years we have had an appropri- 
ation of $5,000. 
The CuarrMANn. This work is being done under that? 
Secretary Wuitson. Yes, under that particular one. Singularly 
enough, when you have built up a bureau to doa certain thing, you 
come to the place where that line of work done by that bureau does 
not meet the requirements; and I will give you an illustration right 
now. We went into the Connecticut valley with some Sumatra tobacco 
seed and showed the people there how to grow that wrapper tobacco. 
We found the proper soil there. There has not been any difficulty in 
getting the thing set well on its feet, but a peculiar condition of affairs 
now presents itself. The seed comes from Sumatra, but the people in 
Sumatra who grow that seed do not know anything about the plant; 
and we find we have three or four or five kinds of tobacco. 
The Bureau of Soils has done its work there; we must send men up 
there from the Bureau of Plant Industry to make a selection of plants 
that produce the highest selling tobacco, and preserve the seed from 
