434 HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. 
My. Henry. Have we been able to export that wheat to Italy: 
Secretary Wrison. When we began to hunt a market for it 1 went 
to Secretary Hay and had him telegraph to every American repre- 
sentative abroad to find markets for it. They are finding markets. 
We are exporting it. We do not hesitate a moment when anything 
of that kind can be done to help the American farmer. I assure you of 
that. 
Mr. Grarr. What is the average crop of it? 
Secretary Wruson. The average crop of wheat that is grown in the 
United States, of the bread variety, runs from 13 to 15 bushels. The 
average crop of this would be twice that. 
Mr. Haucen. Does it make as good flour? 
Secretary Wuxson. Better flour. There is more muscle-forming 
material in it—more protein. The development of it has been fast; a 
year ago there were 2,000,000 bushels of it; this year there will prob- 
ably be 10,000,000 bushels; next year there will probably be 25,000,000 
bushels; two years more there will probably be 100,000,000 bushels of 
it grown—where nothing grew before. 
Mr. Henry. And where the ordinary variety of wheat could not be 
rown ¢ 
Secretary Witson. Where nothing else would grow. Those people 
who live in northern Russia, on the Volga, and have been there for 
hundreds of years, and those people who have lived in northern Algeria 
for centuries, have found out what that wheat would do, and we are 
stepping in and reaping the result of their investigation; that is all. 
And not only with wheat, but with oats. 
Mr. Brooxs. Macaroni wheat is pretty generally known through 
that semiarid region, is it not? 
Secretary Witson. Yes, they know all about it. 
Mr. Grarr. How long ago did you first take it up? 
Secretary Witson. When I first came to the Department. We are 
not only sending wheat, but oats; and we are sending grasses, ete. 
Then we go into other fields. In some localities in the United States 
they require something that we can not find anywhere else in the 
world. We go and create varieties. I can illustrate that by work 
that we have done for Florida. I presume Doctor Galloway told you 
about it. They lost their whole crop by frost four or five years ago. 
We will find a variety of tree that will stand that frost. e got a 
Japanese orange of the genus trefoliata. 
We are waiting now for some results. We have got some new 
varieties now that are planted, but none of them are sweet enough. 
We may have to put a bigger per cent of the Florida orange into the 
hybrid than we want, but, if we get just one orange sweet enough, we 
will extend that all over the State of Florida. 
The Cuatrman. Will the seed from that orange be prepotent? 
Secretary Wiison. If it has the seed. 
The Cuarrman. In half-breed animals there is sometimes a lack of 
prepatoney. What has been your experience in that line in regard to 
seed 2 
Secretary Witson. If they have a few seed we could carry them on, 
but we might have to graft them or bud them, you know. We are 
never positive about the truth of a plant that comes from a seed of 
that kind, because they have to be pollenized, and you are never sure 
as to where the pollen comes from. If we oet. ane of them we will 
