CONTENTS. VU 



Sect. II. Plants op the Higher Grade ; their Develop- 

 ment FROM THE Seed 69 



Flowering or PhEenogamous Plants ..... 69 

 Organs of Vegetation and of Reproduction ... 70 



The Seed 70 



The Development of the Embryo in Germination . . 71 



Number of Cotyledons '.78 



CHAPTER ni. — OF THE ROOT, OR DESCENDING AXIS 79 



Absorption by Roots ; their Growth 80 



Primary and Secondary Roots 83 



Annuals, Biennials 83 



Perennials 84 



Aerial Roots 85 



Epiphytes, or Air-Plants 87 



Parasites 88 



CHAPTER IV. — OF THE STEM, OR ASCENDING AXIS 91 



Sect. I. Its General Characteristics and Mode op 



Growth 91 



Nodes and Internodes 92 



Buds 93 



Plan of Vegetation 95 



Phytons 96 



Sect. II. Ramification 97 



Branches 97 



Adventitious and Accessory Buds 98 



Excurrent and Deliquescent Stems 99 



Definite and Indefinite Growth 100 



Propagation from Buds 100 



Sect. IH. The Kinds op Stem and Branches . . 101 



« 



Herbs, Shrubs, Trees, &c 101 



Stolons, Suckers, Runners 102 



Ofisets, Tendrils 103 



Spines or Thorns . . 104 



Subterranean Modifications 105 



