282 



TI-IK FLOWER. 



524. The attachment of the anther to the filament presents three 

 principal modes. 1st. When the base of the connective exactly 

 corresponds with the apex of the filament and with the axis of the 

 anther, the latter is termed innate, and rests firmly upon the summit 



of the filament, as in Fig. 469. 2d. 

 Wlien the lobes of the anther adhere 

 for their whole length to a prolonga- 

 tion of the filament, or to a broad 

 connective (whichever it be called), 

 so as to appear lateral, it is said to 

 be adnate ; as in Magnolia, Lirio- 

 dendron (Fig. 470), &c. Ilere the 

 anther must be either extrorse or in- 

 trorse. It is introrse, or turned in- 

 wards, when it occupies tlie inner 

 side of the connective, and faces the pistils, as in Magnolia ; but 

 when the anther looks away from the pistils and towards the petals 

 or sepals, it is said to be extrorse, or turned outwards, as in Iris, 

 Liriodendron, and Asarum (Fig. 472). 3d. When the anther is 

 fixed by a point near its middle to the apex of the filament, on which 

 it lightly swings, it is said to be versatile ; as in all Grasses, in the 

 Lily, and in the Evening Primrose (Fig. 471), &c. In this case, as 

 in the preceding, the anther is said to be introrse, or inctimhent, 

 when it is turned towards the pistil, which is the most common 

 way ; and extrorse, when it faces outwards. 



525. The connective is often inconspicuous or wholly wanting, so 

 that the lobes of the anther are directly in contact on the 



apex of the filament ; but it is commonly evident. It is 

 often produced into an appendage at the tip of the anther, 

 as in Magnolia and Liriodendron (Fig. 470), the Papaw 

 (Fig. 956, where it forms a rounded top), and Asarum 

 (Fig. 472). Appendages or processes from the back of 

 the connective are seen in the stamens of the Violet and of 

 many Ericaceous plants. ^" 



526. Each of the two cells or lobes of the anther is marked with 

 a lateral line or furrow, running from top to bottom ; this is the 



PIG. 469. A stamen of Isopyrum bitematum, with an innate anther 470. Stamen of Lirio- 

 dendron, or Tulip-tree, witli an adnate extrorse anther. 471. Stamen of Oenothera glauca, 

 with the anther fixed by its middle and versatile. 



FIG. 472. Aetamen of Asarum Canadeuse, with an adnate anther. 



