ITS KINDS. 



313 



applicable only to fruits produced by tlie ripening of a one-celled 

 pistil ; as the plum, peach (Fig. 562), &c. ; but it is extended in a 

 general way to such fruits with two or more bony 

 cells enclosed in pulp, as that of the Dogwood, &c. 



600. The raspberry and blackberry (Fig. 564) 

 are composed of a great number of miniature stone- 

 fruits, or drupelets, as they might be called, in struc- 

 ture resembling cherries (Fig. 565), aggregated upon- 

 an elongated receptacle. 



601. Dry Fruits may be either dehiscent or indehis- 

 cent (589). Of indehiscent dry fruits one of the 



simplest kinds is 



602. The Achenium, or Akenc (Fig. 566-573). 

 This includes all one- 

 seeded, dry and hard, 

 indehiscent and seed- 

 like, small fruits, such as 

 are popularly taken for 

 naked seeds. But that 

 they are true pistils or 

 ovaries ripened is evident from the styles or stigmas they bear, or 

 from the scar left by their fall; and a 

 section brings to view the seed within, 

 provided with its own proper integuments. 

 The name has been restricted to the seed- 

 like fruits of simple pistils, as those of 

 the Buttercup (Fig. 566, 567), Anemone, 

 Clematis, and Geum (where the persist- 



no. 564. Magnified Tertical section of half of a blackberry. 565. Section of one of the 

 grains, or drvpekts^ more magnified. 



FIG. 566. Achenium of a common Buttercap, enlarged. 567. Vertical section of the same, 

 showing the seed within. 



FIG. 568. Achenium of Mayweed (no pappus). 569. That of Cichory (its pappus a shal- 

 low cup). 570. Of Sunflower (pappus of two deciduous scales). 571. Of Sneezeweed (Hele- 

 nium). with its pappus of five scales. 572. Of Sow -Thistle, with its pappus of delicate downy 

 hairs. 573. Of the Dandelion, its pappus raised on a long beak. 



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