EXOGENOUS OR DICOTYLEDONOUS PLAJ^TS. 377 



Group 8. Oraiy compound and scvei-al-colled, with the placentffi in the axis ; 

 or the numerous carpels more or less coherent with each other or with a 

 central axis. Calyx free from the ovary, with a valvate aestivation. Sta- 

 mens mostly indefinite, monadelphous, or polyadelphous, inserted with the 

 petals into the receptacle or base of the petals. 



Anthers 1-celled, reniform. Stamens monadelphous. Malvaceae. 



Anthers 2-ccllcd. Fertile stamens few, monadelphous. Byttneriace^. 



Anthers 2-celled. Stamens polyandrous or polyadelphous. Tiliaceje. 



Group 9. Ovary compound, with two or more cells, and the placenta in the 

 axis, free from the calyx, which is imbricated in aestivation. Stamens in- 

 definite, or twice as many as the petals, usually monadelphous, hypogy- 

 nous. — Trees or shrubs. 



Leaves simple, not dotted. Stamens indefinite. Camelliace^. 



Leaves pellucid-punctate, mostly compound. Aurantiace^. 



Leaves compound, dotless. Stamens 10 or less, monadelphous. 



Seeds single in each cell, wingless. Meliace.*. 



Seeds several in each cell, winged. Ceskelace^. 



Group 10. Ovary compound, or of several carpels adliering to a central axis, 

 (or rarely distinct in the last two), free from the calyx, which is mostly im- 

 bricated in aestivation. Stamens as many or twice as many as the petals, 

 inserted on the receptacle, often monadelphous at the base. Embryo large. 

 Albumen little or none. Flowers perfect, except in some Kutacese. 



* Flower irregular and unsymmetrieal. Albumen none. 

 Stamens united over the pistil. Ovules several in each cell. BALSAMiNACEiE. 

 Stamens distinct. Ovules single in each cell. Trop>eoi,aci4;e. 



* * Flower regular and mostly symmetrical. 

 Leaves not punctate with transparent dots. 



Calyx valvate. Albumen none : cotyledons very thick. LiMNANTHACEiE. 

 Calyx imbricated in aestivation. 

 Embryo conduplicate : the radicle bent down on the 



convolute cotyledons. GEEANiAOEiE. 



Embryo straight or nearly so. 



Stamens (fertile) 5. Leaves simple, entire. Linace;e. 



Stamens 10. Leaves opposite compound. Zygophyllace.!e. 



Stamens 10, Leaves alternate, mostly compound. 



Ovules more than one in each cell. Oxalidace^. 



Ovules only one in each cell. Simaeubaceje. 



Leaves punctate with transparent dots. EuTACEa). 



Group 11. Ovary one, or several and distinct or combined into one, with one 

 or rarely two ovules in each cell. Calyx free ; stamens more or less 

 perigynous, as many or twice as many as the petals. Embryo large : 

 albumen none. Shrubs or trees with a resinous or viscid-milky juice, and 

 mostly polygamous or dioecious flowers. Leaves not punctate In tem- 

 perate climates represented only by Anacardiace^e. 

 32* 



