ENDOGENOUS OR MONOCOTYLEDON© US PLANTS. 483 



Stamens gynandrons, 1 or 2 fertile. Flower irregular. Okohidace^. 



Stamens not gynandrons. Flower irregular. 

 Fertile stamen 1, inferior. ZinoiberacejK. 



Fertile stamen 1, superior. Cannace^e. 



Fertile stamens mostly 5, the sixth abortive. MusACEiE. 



Stamens not gynandrous, regularly 3 or 6. 

 Anthers extrorse. Stamens 3, before the sepals. Ikidace.*;. 



Anthers introrse, when 3 before the inner perianth. 



Anther-cells separated by a broad connective. Buemankiace'^. 



Anther-colls approximate or joined. 

 Leaves not scurfy. Stems from bulbs. Amakyllidace.*!. 



Leaves scurfy or woolly. No bulbs. 



Terrestrial. Stamens 3 or 6. H^modokace^. 



Mostly epiphytes. Stamens 6. Bkomeliace^. 



Group 6. Flowers dioecious, with a 6-merous perianth adherent to the ovary. 

 Seeds with a minute embryo in hard albumen. Leaves ribbed and netted- 

 veincd, articulated with the stem. Dioscoreace^. 



Group 7. Flowers dioecious or perfect ; the regular perianth free from the ovaiy. 

 Styles or sessile stigmas distinct. Embryo minute in hard albumen. 

 Leaves more or less netted-veined. SMiLACE.ffi:. 



Group 8. Flowers perfect, not from a spathe, with the regular 6-merous peri- 

 anth free from the ovary. Seeds anatropous, with albumen. 

 Perianth not glumaceous. Leaves parallel-veined. 



Anthers introrse. Styles united into one. LiliaoejE. 



Anthers extrorse. Styles mostly separate. MELANTHACEiia. 



Perianth glumaceous. Styles united into one. Juncacej!. 



Group 9. Flowers perfect, developed from a spathe, commonly somewhat ir- 

 regular, the 6-merous perianth free from the ovary. Seeds anatropous, with 

 albumen. Aquatics. Pontedeeiace2E. 



Group 10. Flowers with a double or imbricated perianth, free from the ovary ; 

 the exterior divisions (sepals) herbaceous or glumaceous ; the inner (pet- 

 als) petaloid, free from the one- to three-celled ovary. Seeds 2, 3, or many, 

 ortliotropous ; the embryo at the extremity of the albumen farthest from the 

 hilum. 



Flowers perfect. Sepals herbaceous. Petals colored. CoMMELYNACEiE. 



Flowers perfect, capitate. Sepals and bracts glumaceous. Xykidace.^;. 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious, capitate. ERiocAnLOiTACE^. 



Group 11. Flowers imbricated with glumaceous bracts (glumes), and disposed 

 in spikelets ; the proper perianth none or rudimentary. Ovary one-celled, 

 one-ovulcd. Seeds anatropous. Embryo at the extremity of the albumen 

 next the hilum. 



Sheaths of the leaves closed. Glume or bract single. Cyperace^. 



Sheaths open. Glumes mostly in pairs. Gkamine.^. 



