TYPHOID 155 



either never occurred on his medium or were rapidly over- 

 grown by the B. coli. The B. coli grew in twenty-four 

 hours, presenting the usual appearance of that organism 

 on acid media ; the B. typhosus was scarcely visible in 

 twenty-four hours, but in forty-eight hours appeared in 

 small, shining, very finely-granulated colonies, like little 

 drops of water, which contrasted strongly with the larger, 

 much more coarsely granulated, and brownish colonies of 

 B. coli. The B. coli only acquired the appearance of the 

 typhoid colonies when a very large quantity was used in an 

 inoculation, and many, therefore, grew without finding 

 room for their proper development. In secondary plates, 

 or in plates made with weaker inoculation, it was almost 

 impossible to mistake one for the other. By this method 

 the author examined thirty different colon and typhoid 

 cultures, and in each case obtained the same result as with 

 Pfeiffer's method, though with all other practicable methods 

 it had in several cases been impossible to identify several 

 of the organisms. Similar results were obtained with 

 fffices, suitably diluted, contaminated with artificial cultures 

 of the two organisms. Subsequently, on the outbreak of a 

 typhoid epidemic. Dr. Eisner repeatedly examined the 

 faeces of seventeen patients, and in fifteen cases, at various 

 times between the seventh day and sixth week, he isolated 

 the typhoid bacillus, which after isolation was completely 

 identified as the Eberth-Gaffky bacillus. 



The colonies had in each case developed in forty-eight 

 hours so as to be easily identified ; in those which were 

 made by taking a loopful of stool and diluting, nothing had 

 grown except the B. coli and the small typhoid colonies, 

 with here and there a few liquefying colonies or easily 

 recognisable yeasts. 



Dr. Chantemesse, of Paris, has recently investigated 

 Eisner's method for the diagnosis of typhoid. The stools 



