188 APPLIED BACTERTOLOGY 



combination of this with antidiphtheritic serum might 

 produce more satisfactory effects than we have hitherto 

 been able to obtain from the use of antidiphtheritic serum 

 alone. An antistreptococcic serum prepared by Marmorek 

 is also used. The probable identity of the Streptococcus 

 ei'ysipelatis and the Streptococcus pyogenes is supported by 

 Jordan, Frankel, and Von Eiselberg (Schenk), and the two 

 organisms are described as one by E. Wiirtz {Precis de 

 Bacteriologie Clinique, 1896). 



Practical Disinfection. — Care should be taken to ensure 

 thorough cleanliness and proper sanitary conditions of the 

 surroundings, and the attendants should be isolated with 

 their patients. The affected portions should be washed 

 with an antiseptic, as in the case of scarlet fever. 



GONOREH(EA. 



Specific organism first discovered by Neisser — Cultivated by Bumtn — 

 Method of staining — Special media necessary for culture — Patho- 

 genicity demonstrated by Bumm — In gonorrhoea the gonococcus is 

 associated vi^ith other micro-organisms — Eesearches of Bosc — 

 Bacteriological diagnosis — Practical precautions. 



The diplococcus which is the cause of this disease was 

 first discovered by Neisser in the year 1879, and six years 

 later was cultivated by Bumm on blood serum. The gono- 

 coccus is a facultative aerobe, but grows best when oxygen 

 is excluded ; it is a very strict parasite, and can only be 

 cultivated on special media, and must be recultured at 

 frequent intervals, or its vitality is lost. 



It grows only at blood-heat. The organisms occur in 

 pairs, and appear somewhat biscuit-shaped when seen by 

 a high power. The thermal death-point is shown by Stern- 

 berg to be about 60° C. 



Method of Staining. — The gonococcus is stained best by 



