SMALL-POX AND VACCINIA 213 



to seven days, and a rash is not always found. Epidemics 

 are frequently ushered in by the occurrence of numerous 

 cases of * sore throat,' and, as frequently happens in most 

 epidemics, the cases are less severe at the end of the 

 epidemic. The disease is highly infective throughout. 

 Women when in a weak condition — as in pregnancy, for 

 example — are very prone to the disease, and it has been 

 found to manifest itself after the occurrence of some local 

 traumatic injury, when the patient has been exposed to 

 infection which in good health would probably not have 

 taken effect. 



Marmorek has treated several cases successfully with his 

 antistreptococcic serum. 



SMALL-POX AND VACCINIA. 



Evidence of the probability of a bacterial agency in vaccine lymph — 

 Besearches of Dr. Copeman — Glycerised lymph — Successful culture 

 of the small-pox bacillus in an egg — Experiments by Dr. Copeman as- 

 to the production of vaccine with the culture so obtained — Distribu- 

 tion and pathogenesis of smaU-pox — The infection is air-borne for 

 very considerable distances — Preventive measures. 



A considerable number of different organisms have been 

 described as occurring in vaccine lymph and in variolous 

 crusts ; but it appears that all of them are of accidental 

 occurrence, with the exception of the very small, short 

 bacillus recently described by Drs. Klein and Copeman. 

 Two pieces of evidence seem to point strongly to a bac- 

 terial agency in vaccine lymph : first, the fact that if 

 vaccine lymph is heated up to 60° C. its eJB&ciency is de- 

 stroyed ; and second, and more important, is the fact that 

 filtration of the lymph through a Pasteur-Chamberland 

 filter removes the active principle to which the lymph owes 

 its efficiency. 



