great sandstone, n. 12, which gives a thickness of 159.74 meters for 
these beds at this locality as against 157.27 meters at Minas. 
The 120.40 meters of measures, which extend on below n. 12, 
and end at base with a very massive conglomerate, may possibly 
represent the rusty beds which underlie the Orleans conglomerate, 
and rest upon the granite along Rio Tubarao, while the 152.40 meters 
of dark shales, etc., which underlie them and extend down to the 
granite may he older than the Carboniferous. 
Al of the thick sandstones in the above section stretch in long 
lines of vertical cliffs around the sides of Boa Vista mountain, the 
highest one n. 2, making its crest, while the lowest one n. 16 
crops out in the most conspicuous cliffs. 
It is this particular stratum which the travelers on the old road 
from Florianopolis to Lages found so much difficulty in surmounting, 
since it forms sucha bold cliff around the mountains, being broken 
at only one point, and then at an angle of nearly 30°. 
Up and down this steep descent all traffic to or from the interior 
of this region was compelled to pass, but now the new road inau 
gurated by the recent Governor of Sta. Catharina has been cut to 
a gentle (3°) grade through this great conglomerate cliff. 
The Orleans conglomerate was not certainly identified in this 
section, and it is quite possible that it is not present. 
The dark shales underlying the n. 16 conglomerate are of uncer- 
tain age, no fossile having been seenin them. Granite pebbles, one 
of which had a diameter of 15 centimeters, occur near the center 
of these dark beds. 
In the State of Rio Grande do Sul, 18 kilometers east from Xar- 
queadas, a coal mine has long been operated in the Rio Bonito 
Beds by the ©. Jeronymo Railroad and Mines Company on the waters 
of Arroio dos Ratos. Several borings have been put down through 
the series there by the company and one of these, n. II, which 
gives the detailed succession and thichness of the Rio Bonito Beds at 
that locality, has already been given ona previous page 45. 
To show the continuity of these measures southward from 
S. Jeronymo, we shall give two more sections, the first from the 
fazenda of Dr. Ramiro Barcellos on the banks of Rio Irapua, 55 kilo- 
meters south-west from Cachoeira and about 200 fromS. Jeronymo. 
