As shown in the photograph, pl. V, Fig. 5, the aspect of the 
stem of this type is distinctly Calamarian. In the illustrated specimen 
a node occurs at the top of the fragment and another 6cm. lower. 
Most of the ribs are continuous in their alignment al the nodes, 
though some areclearly shown in this as well as other examples to 
be irregular and often distinctly alternate at the same node. The 
nod itself is very compact, the alternating strands passing abruptly 
across to the proximate bundles. The nerve traces sometimes appear 
as minute points close to the transverse line of the node. 
There is very littleevidence of marked constriction of the node, 
nor of infiation of the internodes. 
The stem fragments, like that shown in Figures 5 and 3 present 
no characters by which to distinguish them from stems of the 
Northern Calamites in a similar state of preservation, and their ten- 
tative reference in this report to Phyllotheca is based merely on the 
absence of true Asterophyllitean or Annulariar: foliage from the beds 
of this age in the South American continent ; and on their association 
in the rock with the verticils of Phyllotheca. Very little aid is to be 
drawn from the consultation of the illustrations of stems from other 
regions of the Gondwana province. 
Of the latter, particular mention should however, be made of 
the specimens illustrated by Zeiller (1) as probably belonging to 
Schizoneura gondwanensis from the Raniganj group, South Rewah 
basin, by Seward (2)as Phyllotheca australis (3) from the Newcastle 
beds, New South Wales and as Schisoneura gondwanensis from the 
Indian Damuda. (4) Other comparable fragments have heen illus- 
trated by various authors as either «Equisetaceous stems» or trunks 
of Phyllotheca or Schizoneura. 
Zeiller’s figure 4, Seward’s illustration, and  Feisltmantel’s 
drawing of the Australian fragment appear to offer no point of 
differance from some of lhe Brazilian stems, the agreement being 
exact. 
The latter agrees also with the fragments just published by 
Nathorst, from the Falkland Islands (5). We must conclude either 
(1) Pal. Indica, n.s., vol. I, no. 1,1902, pl. vi figs. 3, 4. 
(2) Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., vol. lili, 1897, pl. XXIV fig. 1. 
(3) Mem. Geol. Surv. N. S. W., Palaeont., no. 3, pl. XIV, fig. 5. 
(4) Fl. Gondwana Syst., vol. III, pt. 2, pl. vila, fig. la. 
(5) Bull. Geol. Inst, Upsola, vol. VII, 1906, p. 73. 
