Ser 
often obtuse. The nerve trace issmall and not far above the center of 
the scar, though often seeming elongated vertically, especially in the 
subepidermal stages. The changes in the aspect of the lateral cicatri- 
cules are still greater and more remarkable. Even in the smallest 
phase of subepidermal preservation, Figure 11 b they are relatively 
large. In other cases, also expressed superficially, they are much larger 
and vertically elongated; while in still other instances, where the very 
thin carbonaceous skin is removed, they appear as shown in 
Fig. 41d. 
The distribution and form of the leaf scars in Sigillaria australis 
are suggestive of Sigillaria biangula Weiss, (1) and Sigitlaria oculina 
Blanckenhorn, (2), trom the Bunter sandstone of Commern. The ver- 
tical chagreening of the cortex, the form of the leaf scar and the 
enlargement of the lateral cicatricules point toward a closer relation- 
ship in particular to the latter species which may have been derived 
from the same stock as that of the plant in hand. The Brasilian tree 
does not appear closeiy related to any species of Sigillaria in the Nor- 
thern Permo Carboniferous flora. It is possible that the fossil Lepido- 
phytic wood which will be described ana latter page as Sigillaria (?) 
muralts represents the endogenous or secondary xylem of the species 
just described. 
Locality: Estrada Nova near Minas, Santa Catharina. About 135 
meters above the granite and 40 meters below the Barro Branco coal. 
Lot 3923. 
Styillaria (2) muralis n. sp. 
Pl. xu, Figs. 1-4. 
Secondary «xylem soft and sponyy, composed of thin-welled scala- 
riform tracheides parted by great numbers of very largecelled rays ; 
tracheides distinctly radial in arrangement, cery long, suiuate, sone- 
times meandering, acute, reticulate in contact with the medullary 
cells; in transverse section tracheides very unequal in width, 
varying much in diameter and relative proportions though averaging 
65 microns or more in tangential diameter and 75 microns or more 
in radial diameter, those in contact with the rays being more or less 
(1) Weiss, Sig H. Pr. Steink us Rothlieg., pt, 2, 1893, p. 7, pl. vi. 
(2) Palacoutogrephica, vol. XXXII, 1886. p. Li. pl. XX, Ue. 9, See also Polonic. 
Lehrh., p. 256. fie 24%. 
