— 527 — 
gently to the border in the lower part of the leaf, and more strongly in 
the higher portions, twohile forking and anastomosing more frequently, 
especially near the border, where the nervilles are very close, with 
a much shorter mesh; curvature of thelateral nervation varying 
greatly in the lower part of the leaf in accordance with the width 
of the base of the leaf, the nervilles arching more strongly in the 
broader leaf forms ; scale fronds cuneately obovate, narrow, and 
somewhat concavo-convex. 
The leaves of this species abundantly associated with a small 
species of Samaropsis are the most common fossils in tbe col- 
lections from the plant bed northeast of Minas, where fragments 
may be found on every cleavage surface, of the cream colored shales. 
Most of the specimens are slightly macerated, and tearing of the 
lamina, as shovn in the figures, is very frequent. 
Typical examples of the fragments in the collection are shown 
in Plate viii. Figs. 2, 4, and 6. All are characterized by the narrow, 
cuneate, slightly concave-bordered base. The examples seen in figs. 2 
and 3, exactly correspond to the original specimens from Candiota, 
Rio Grande do Sul, figured by Carruthers (1) as Noeggerathia obovata, 
though in most specimens the upper border is not sinuate as in 
the figure published by Carruthers. A small leaf, probably young ; 
and suggestive of Buriphylum in form is seen in fig. 6, and a scale 
leaf, undoubtedly referable to Gangamopteris obovata is photogra- 
phedly illustrated in Fig. 7. 
The spical portion of the leaf shown in Fig. 1, which corresponds 
to that in Fig. 5, seems to illustrate the broader phase of the apices 
of this type and is in close agreement with much of the material 
illustrated as Gangmopteris cyclopteroides Feistmantel. In general, 
the Brazilian leaves range from the forms illustrated by Icurtz and 
Zeiller, toa phase even narrower and more distinctly spatulate than 
that shown in Fig. 3. 
The nervation in the Brazilian species is parallel and nearly 
always erect in the narrow basal portion; and it is only after the 
leaf begins to widen out that the veins commence to arch appreciably. 
Anastomosis appears. not to be so frequent as in most of the oriental 
specimens and the mesh is often so long and the nerves so nearly 
(1) Geol. Mag., vol, V1, 1859, p. 155, pl VI fig. 1. 
