332 



COLLEGE BOTANY 



flowers in clusters, spikes or catkins; fruit a one^seeded nut, 

 with or without involucre. 



This family includes the hazelnuts and filberts {Corylus), 

 the ironwoods (Ostrya virgininna. aaid Carpinus carol tmana), 

 many species of birch (Betula), and alders (Alnus). 



Fagace^e.- — Trees or shrubs; simple, alternate leaves with 

 deciduous leaves ; staminate flowers in catkins or capitate clus- 





(Fig. 167. — Pecan nuts showing one of the many forms grown for market. (U. S. D. A. 



ters ; pistillate flowers solitary or slightly clustered ; fruit a one- 

 seeded nut, partly or co'mpletely enclosed in an involucre. 



This family includes the beech (Fagus ferruginea), the chest- 

 nut (Castanea dentata, (Fig. IfiS) and G. pumula) and a very 

 large number of species of oaks ( Quercus) . Most of these plants 

 are highly valued for their woods ; the beech and chestnuts for 

 their nuts ; and the oalis for their acorns. 



Ueticacejs (!N"ettle Family). — Trees, shrubs and herbs; 

 leaves, alternate and stipulate; inflorescence axillary; flowers 



