208 



GARDEN GUIDE 



When only a bud, instead of part of a shoot, is' transferred, the 

 process is called " budding." (See below.) 



There is a fundamental necessity in all graftizlg work: The layer 

 just between the wood and bark, the line where the bark peels, of 

 both stock and cion, must be in contact. The stock is the plant grafted 

 upon; the cion (also spelled scion) is the shoot or graft that is inserted. 

 BxjDDiNG. The simplest method of budding is known as shield 

 budding. It consists of placing a shield-shaped piece of bark bearing 

 a bud, beneath the bark of the stock. A. good, hesJthy, 

 well budded branch is chosen; the buds are cut from it, 

 holding the branch upside down. A T-shaped cut is 

 made in the stock near the base of the plant; the 

 free edges are CEirefuUy peeled back euid the bud 

 inserted as shown in the cut. The 

 budded stock is then tied with yarn 

 or rafSa so that the bud is held firmly; 

 all should be covered except the bud. 

 Budding may be employed whenever 

 the bark peels nicely. 



Prof. y. P. Hedrick, the expert ■ 

 horticulturist of the Geneva Experi- 

 ment Station, gives the following dates 

 for budding: Rose, July 1 to 10; Pear, 

 July 10 to 15; Apple, July 15 to Aug. 

 1; Plum (St. Julian stock), July 15 to 

 Aug. 1 ;Plum (Myrobalan stock), Aug. 

 15 to Sept. 1; Cherry (Mazzard), July 

 20 to Aug. 1; Cherry (Mahaleb), Aug. 

 20 to Sept. 1; Quince, July 25 to Aug. 

 15; Peach, Aug. 20 to Sept. 10. 



Cion Grafting. There are a 

 number of very simple sorts of cion 

 gTEifting. The method most used upon 

 trees in which the Stock is over one inch 

 in diameter is called cleft grafting. The 

 branch of the stock which is to be 

 grafted is cut off short. It is split through 

 the center and the crack opened to receive a short cion. The cions 

 are best cut during the Fall and Stored through the Winter in moist 

 sand, but they may be taken directly from the trees very early when 

 the sap starts in the Spring but before the buds have burst. The 

 best length is three buds long, the top bud bemg the top of the .cion; 

 the lower end is beveled at each side to form a perfect wedge as shown 



Tongue-grafting 

 In grafting the stock and cion 

 must be firmly bound around 

 witli broad rafiBa or otlier 

 ligature. Tlie above drawing is 

 intended to show how to fix the 

 graft, but the binding must 

 cover the union thoroughly to 

 exclude the air 



