INDEX 



409 



Judgment, diversity of, 360, 400 ; as an 

 intellectual faculty, 398-401. 



Lamarck, projects a work on biology, 6 ; 

 his earliest classification of inverte- 

 brates, 64 ; establishes radiarians, 64 ; 

 crustaceans, 65 ; arachnids, 65 ; an- 

 nelids, 65 ; infusorians, 66. 



Language, see Speech. 



Life, its difference from fermentation, 

 185-186, 214 ; characters of, 201 ; 

 definition of, 202; conditions for its 

 existence, 205 ; origin of, 241-242. 

 See also Organic bodies. 



LinruBus, his classification, 63. 



Literature, cp. with Science, 390. 



Living bodies, see Organic bodies. 



Locke, on the Understanding, 363. 



Locomotion of animals, 47. 



Lunacy, cause of, 396. 



Magnetism, see Subtle fluids. 



Main medullary mass, necessary to 

 nervous system, 293 ; development 

 of, 298. 



Mammals, definition of, 72 ; their posi- 

 tion in the animal scale, 72 ; degrada- 

 tion of, 73 ; classification of, 167-169 ; 

 origin of, 177. 



Man, varieties of, 169 ; origin of erect 

 position in, 170 ; development of, 170 ; 

 origin of speech in, 173. 



Manatees, lead to ungulates, 177. 



Medulla oblongata, its development, 298 ; 

 origin of nervous system, 299. 



Memory as an intellectual faculty, 391- 

 398. 



Metabolism, 254, etc. ; description of, 

 263. 



Mimosa pttdica, 52. 



Mind, a factitious entity, 286. 



Minerals, see Inorganic bodies. 



Moles, degeneration of their eyes, 116. 



Molluscs, definition of, 83 ; primary 

 division of, 84 ; respiratory organ of, 

 84 ; acephaHc, 117 ; classification of, 

 151-155 ; origin of, 176. 



Monotremes, a special class, 74 ; classi- 

 fication of, 166. 



Moral sciences, origin of, 383. 



Moral sensibility, nature of, 337 ; exalta- 

 tion of, 337 ; distinguished from 

 physical sensibility, 341. 



Movement, how produced, 344; three 

 sources of, 356. 



Movements, muscular, how produced, 

 300 ; the first function of the nervous 

 system, 304. 



Muscular system, physiology of, 271-273 ; 

 later than nervous system, 272. 



Natural history, method of, 13-14. 

 Nature, productions of, main division of, 



51 ; permanence of, 183. 

 Needs, controlled by environment, 112 ; 



cause emotions, 347. 

 Nervous fluid, nature of, 314 ; proof of 



its existence, 315-316 ; derived from 



electricity, 317 ; functions of, 319-320 ; 



division of, 348 ; in attention, 384 ; in 



thought, 388. 

 Nervous system, not found lower than 



insects, 93, 304 ; components of, 292 ; 



formation of, 295 et seq. ; functions of, 



300 ; of insects, 307. 

 Nomenclature an artificial device, 26. 

 Nucleus, necessary to nervous system, 



292 ; its site, 294 ; of sensation, 324. 

 Nutrition, peculiar to living bodies, 193, 



261. 



Orang, 171. 



Order, definition of, 24. 



Organic bodies, characteristics of, 191- 

 194 ; consist of three parts, 201 ; cp. 

 with a watch, 202 ; nature of, 206 ; 

 constitute a laboratory, 249 ; con- 

 trolled by ordinary physical laws, 250 ; 

 their common faculties, 260 ; their 

 peculiar faculties, 266. See also Life. 



Organs, formation of, 232 ; absent in the 

 simplest animals, 259. 



Orgasm, causes of, 219 et seq. ; necessary 

 to life, 220 ; among animals, 221 ; 

 among plants, 226. 



Ornithorhyncus, see Monotremes. 



Phrenology, see Gall and Spurzheim. 



Plants, how to determine their afSnities, 

 32 ; definition of, 53 ; effects of cultiva- 

 tion on, 109 ; their differentiation from 

 animals, 195 ; growth of, 196 ; food 

 of, 197 ; suspension of life in, 198 ; 

 compound, 200 ; have no special 

 organs, 232, 281 (note) ; composed of 

 cellular tissue, 234 ; general character- 

 istics of, 235. 



Polyps, definition of, 99 ; classification 

 and list of genera, 136-137. 



Productions of nature, main division of, 

 51. 



Psychology, a department of zoology, 287, 



Radiarians, first established, 64 ; defini- 

 tion of, 96 ; origin of their shape, 98 ; 

 classification of, 139-140. 



Reason, nature of, 401 ; cp. with instinct, 

 403 ; pubUo, 404. 



Reproduction, derived from nutrition, 262. 

 See also Sexual reproduction. 



Reptiles, definition of, 77 ; degradation 



