ANGLOSPERM^. 419 



pistils, and collectively the Gynmcium) normally develop 

 upon the uppermost portion of the flower-axis, and within 

 the whorl of stamens. They consist of one or more infolded, 

 ovuliferons phyllomes {carpophylla) whose margins are 

 united so as to form separate, or more or less united cavi- 

 ties (ovaries). The apical portions of the carpophylla are 

 usually extended, terminating in a mass of loose parenchy- 

 matous tissue, the stigma. The ovules arise as outgrowtlis 

 (trichomes, in the broader sense of the term) upon some 

 portion of the interior surface of the ovary ; they most fre- 

 quently develop upon the margins of the carpophylla, 

 although they are by no means confined to them. In some 

 cases th're is but a single ovule in 



each ovary, in others they range ^aJ ~ "tA, 



from a few to several hundred. In W \ — J<y — "■liiJ 

 many cases, especially when the wPSt ' ~Mlti»w 



ovules are numerous, the ovulifer- ^%->^ — ^— -^^^/ 



ons portion of the ovary is devel- -^ B 



oped into a thickened mass of tis- Fig. 305.— very young ovnlesof 



sues, the placenta, which projects fSwr;?a^f^rdr^eif^n:'n"t^ 

 more or less into the ovary cavity. 2?'„,*Vrtt o™n.'a,"k o'/funlc- 



530. — Each ovule is at first a nlis-the ovule ^ is th.. young- 

 er or the two ; the inner ront (the 

 homogeneous mass of parenchyma- secundine) is just beginnin- to de- 

 . ,. j-i ,. ,11-1 velop as a ring, «o ,• in B there are 



tons tissue, constituting the body two rings, the upper being the ru- 

 / n J „ 1 \ i» i.1 1 dimenrary secundine. Ihe lower 



(or so-called nucleus) or the ovule ; the primine. x I40.-Aftor Du- 

 a little later a circular ridge arises '^''*''"'®- 

 upon the ovule body ; this grows upward, and forms an in- 

 tegument ; a second integument generally forms in exactly 

 the same way outside of the first (Pig. 305, A and B). Prom 

 their position when fully formed, these coats have received 

 the names primine and secundine, the former being applied 

 to the outer, the latter to the inner.* The coats never com- 

 pletely enclose the body of the ovule, there always remaining 

 a small opening (the micropyle) over its apex (/w. Pig. 306, 



* These terms were so applied by Mirbel, who was not acquainted 

 with the order of development of the coats. Schleiden applied them 

 in exactly the opposite way, which has led to some confusion. Mir- 

 bel's use of the terms, although not as good as Schleideu's, is the pre- 

 vailing one. 



