ASTEBALES. 



515 



Valuable for fattening poultry, and the dried stems are good for fuel. 

 In Russia a valuable oil is obtained from ihe seeds. 



S. tuberosus, ihe so-called Jerusalem or Brazilian Artichoke, is 

 much growu for its potato-like tubers, which are fed to cattle and swine. 

 It is probably derived from H. d'iroiiicoides, of the Mississippi Valley, 

 by long cultivation. The name " Jerusalem ' Artichoke is a corruption 

 of the Italian Girasole — i.e., sunflower. 



Among the weeds are the Ragweeds (Ambrosia), Cockleburs (Xan- 

 thium), Spanish Needles (Bidens). 



Silphium laeiniatum is the Compass Plant of the Mississippi Valley. 



Figs. 446-50. — Illustrations of Edpatobium. 



Fio. 447. 



Pig. 448. 



Fig 446. — Head of flowers. 

 Fig 448— Flower. Ma^ifled. 

 Fig 450.— Pistil. Magnified. 



Fie. 450. 



Fig. 447. — Diagram of flower. 



Fig. 449.— Section of flower. Magnified. 



Its large erect pinnately lobed leaves twist upon their petioles so as to 

 present one surface of the blade to the east and the other to the west, 

 the two edges being upon the meridian. (Fij<. 134, p. 157.) 



Tribe 10. Inuloidcce, — Heads mostly with disk and ray flowers. 



Eelipterum Manglem, of Australia, is one of the ^ Everlastinor flow- 

 ers" cultivated under the name of Rhodanthe, and used for winter 

 bouquets. 



