114 b 



Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 



XCVI. A Bleeding Heel 



This figure, which is known apparently only by the Inland Eskimos of 

 Northern Alaska, who call it auqtuaqtoq, "it bleeds" {i.e. a man's heel bleeds), is 

 merely a, modification of the preceding figure "dog" or "fox." 



Proceed as in "the dog," but while drawing the hands apart, take up again 

 with the left thumb from the proximal side the radial left index string. Navaho 

 the thumb and drop the left index loop. 



Drop the left little finger loop and, holding the left thumb loop in the left 

 hand, circle it twice counter-clockwise. 



You have "the bleeding heel." 



V V ^ ■x S , 



^ ^, V V V -x- 



Chant : 



auqtuaqtoq auqtuaqtoq 



kimidywpcuniPcoq 



Fig. 145 



It is bleeding, it is bleeding 

 The heel . . . . ? 



XCVII. The Bied Feightened by an Animal 



There are three figures, identical in all their movements save the final one, 

 that seem to have been greatly confused along the north coast. A figure pro- 

 duced by removing the left index loop with the left little finger through the left 

 thumb loop is called by the Copper Eskimos "the snowy owl" (ukpik) and its 

 continuation "the fox" (terijan-iaq) . One Mackenzie native called it by the 

 same name, but two others called it "the old squaw duck" (maKeyaluk) , though 

 the continuation was also "the fox." No name was given by the Barrow and 

 Inland Eskimos of Northern Alaska for the bird figure, but "the fox" portion 

 was called by them "the dog" (gi'mtg). On the other hand the same Mackenzie 

 native who called this figure "the owl" gave the name of "old squaw duck" to 

 another figure produced by removing the left index loop with the left little 

 finger through the right thumb loop, a figure which the Copper Eskimos called 

 tdtiXydt or "brown crane"; while the two Mackenzie natives who had given 

 the name "old squaw duck" to the first figure gave the name "owl" to still a 

 third figure which is produced by removing the left index loop with the right 

 little finger through the left thumb loop, a figure which the Copper Eskimos call 

 "Hutchins's goose" (u\yo9yuX-Lk).^ These variations can be observed better by 

 arranging them in a table : L. L. F. means left little finger, R. L. F. means right 

 little finger, L.T. means left thumb, and R. T. means right thumb. 



L. L. F. through L. T. 



L. L. F. through R. T, 

 R. L. F. through L. T. 



Barrow 

 Dog 



Mackenzie Copper 



Owl and Fox (one native) Owl and fox 

 Duck and fox (two natives) 

 Duck (one native) Brown crane 



Owl (two natives) Goose. 



1 Mr. v. Stefannson saw a figure in Dolphin and Union strait which was called uluundih, which was probably this 

 one. His Mackenzie native simply called it aiyaraq, i.e. the general name for the game of 'cat's cradles.' The same 

 native recognized as 'owl,' ukpik, the figure which was so named by the Copper Eskimos (Anthropological Papers of 

 the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. XIV, Part I, p. 246). 



