572 T^NIA MARGINATA AND CYSTICERCUS TENUICOLLIS. 



contents. Although the head was wanting, the characteristic Cysti- 

 cercoid nature could be distinctly recognised. Not only did the worm 

 when pricked void a transparent non-granular fluid, but the charac- 

 teristic structure of the bladder was observable, and showed even 

 the larger and smaller vascular ramifications, with their ciliary lappets. 

 But, in spite of this, there was, as has already been mentioned, 

 no trace of the head.^ Neither was there any trace of calcareous 

 corpuscles. The latter were also wanting iu the second worm, although 

 this was in other respects more fully developed than the former, and 

 was especially characterised by the presence of a rudimentary head. 



The length of this second worm was 8'5 mm., and its breadth almost 

 5 mm. The surrounding tube had, of course, been widened for the 

 reception of so large a body, and, being (Fig. 309) unable to resist the 

 pressure of the growing worm, it had burst along 

 half its length. From this rupture the anterior 

 portion of the bladder protruded like a hernia. 

 So much of the bladder-worm as remained within 

 the case was covered with a tolerably thick exuded 

 Fig. 309.— Young (7ys*i- layer, the remaining portion being overlaid by a 



cercus tenuuoUis, in situ. ^^.^ ^^^^^ ^^ connective-tisSUe. 



The tube which contained this second worm ran at a short distance 

 below the surface of the liver, and thus the superjacent parenchyma of 

 the liver was almost entirely displaced by the worm as it worked its 

 way out. The connective-tissue envelope of the' latter was in contact 

 with the peritoneal covering of the liver, and this was even pushed 

 out into watch-glass-like protrusions by the pressure of the worm. 



After the extraction of the bladder-worm, it was observed that 

 both its ends were not exactly of the same shape. The posterior end 

 was rounded, and the anterior conical. It is true that it appeared as 

 though this pointing were, partly at least, due to a contraction of the 

 circular muscular fibres. At any rate, the anterior end of the body 

 exhibited a more opaque appearance and a firmer consistency than 

 were observed elsewhere in the walls of the bladder. The head- 

 process had evidently been formed only a short time before. It was a 



* These young headless bladders are obviously those which, according to Kiichen- 

 meister, " always remain barren," and which he claims to be Acephalocysts of Cysticercus 

 tennicoUis (loc. cit., p. 345). Kiiohenmeister did not know that in this bladder-worm the 

 head is only developed at a later period, and he was somehow under a delusion when he 

 asserted that a cyst only about the size of a tare-seed contained a fully matured Cyst, tenui- 

 collis. When, in express reference to my remark, Kiiohenmeister afterwards declares 

 (" Parasiten," second edition, p. 139) that he must abide by his opinion, since the worms 

 in question were as yet only in " the (atoken = normal) Aoephalocystic stage," he forgets 

 that he had previously expressly asserted that they were acephalocysts, "which always 

 remain barren." And it was only against that assertion that my remark was directed. 



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