22 LECANO-LBCIDEBl [lBCIDEA 



A distinct species with much of the general aspect of L. phceops, 

 but with different apothecia. It also somewhat resembles states of 

 L. coa/rctata, but the different thalline reactions with CaCl and the 

 firmer immarginate apothecia keep it distinct. These latter, numerous 

 though scattered, are at length somewhat difform, and in more shady 

 situations they remain immersed. 



. Bah. On rocks, granitic and schistose, in maritime and mountainous 

 districts. — Bistr. Only a few localities in W. England and W. Ireland, 

 but plentiful where it occurs. — B. M. Bolt Head and near Torquay, 

 Devon ; near Penzance, Cornwall ; Cader Idris and Barmouth, 

 Merioneth ; Craigforda, Shropshire ; Glena, Ellarney, Dunkerron and 

 Blackwater Bridge, Kerry; Lough Inagh and Doughruagh Mt., 

 Connemara, Galway. 



23. L. coarctata Nyl. in Act. See. Linn. Bord. ser. 3, i. 

 p. 358 (1856). — Thallus effuse, thinnish, rirhulose, subareolate or 

 continuous, whitish or greyish (Kf+yellowish, CaCl + deep-red). 

 Apothecia small, innate-sessile, plane or convex, brown, reddish- 

 brown or blackish, with a spurious white- epithalline margin 

 which is sometimes connivent and almost closed over the 

 apothecium ; hypothecium almost colourless ; paraphyses slender, 

 dark at the apices ; spores ellipsoid, large, 0,014-24 mm. long, 

 0,007-12 mm. thick; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish then wine-red 

 with iodine. — Cromb. in Grevillea xxii. p. 9 & Lich. Brit. p. 66 ; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 278 ; ed. 3, p. 280. Lichen coarctatus Sm. 

 Engl. Bot. t. 534 (1799). Binodina coarctata S. F. Gray Nat. 

 Arr. i. p. 449 (1821). Lecanora coarctata Hook, in Sm. Engl. 

 Fl. V. p. 187 (1833); Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 134; Mudd 

 Man. p. 154. 



ExsicG. Leight. n. 177 ; Johns, n. 332. 



Viewed by many authors as a Lecanora from the spurious thalloid 

 margin of the apothecia, which, however, contains no algal cells. 

 Nylander has also referred it to that genus (Enum. Lich. Fret. Behr. 

 p. 12), where its place would be in the Aspicilia section. It is a very 

 protean species both as to the thallus and the apothecia, the differences 

 in which give rise to the varieties and forms that follow. In the 

 typical specimen figured in Engl. Bot. the thallus is thin, rimoso- 

 areolate, rugulose, in which state it seems to be Lecanora ocrinceta, 

 Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 380 & Syn. p. 102. The apothecia are numerous, 

 usually more or less scattered, becoming in age convex, blackish, with 

 the spurious margin obliterated. 



Hah. On walls and rocks, chiefly brick and sandstone, in maritime 

 and upland districts. — Distr. Only here and there in England and 

 Wales ; not seen from Scotland or Ireland. — B. M. Yarmouth, Norfolk ; 

 Hendon, Middlesex ; Eeigate and Leith Hill, Surrey ; Fairlight, 

 Hastings, Sussex ; St. Miuver and near Cambourne, Cornwall ; Cader 

 Idris, Merioneth. 



Var. /3 elacista Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 66 (1870).— Thallus 

 effuse, thin or very thin, subleprose or rimulose, contiguous or 

 somewhat scattered, whitish or greyish-white, often subobsolete. 

 Apothecia minute or subminute, concave or plain, the epithalline 

 margin pulverulent, at length naked, evanescent ; otherwise 



