biatokella] lbcideacb^ 107 



entirely of an intense-violet colour, scarcely changed by iodine 

 (K -fblue-greenish) ; hypothecium colourless ; paraphyses distinct, 

 thickish, irregular ; spores 1-3 in the ascus, ellipsoid or oblong- 

 ellipsoid, the epispore thick and pellucid, 0,032-48 mm. long, 

 0,015-22 mm. thick.— Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 545. Specimen 

 not seen. 



Hah. On decorticated wood. Collected by Dr. Stirton near Tyn- 

 drum, Perthshire. 



72. BIATORELLA De Not. in Giorn. Bot. Ital. ii. p. 192 

 (1846); Massal. Eic. Lich. p. 130 (1852) emend. (PI. 9.) 



Thallus crustaceous, effuse or definite, rarely almost obso- 

 lete. Algal cells Protoeoccus. Apothecia light-coloured or dark 

 and carbonaceous with proper margin only ; asci many-spored, the 

 spores minute, simple, colourless, oblong or spherical. Spermo- 

 gones with ovoid or shortly cylindrical spermatia. 



By a printer's error, which is pointed out by Massalongo, I. c, the 

 genus was published as 8-spored instead of oo-spored, and was confined 

 to lichens with a thin leprose thallus. It was emended by Massalongo 

 to include those with a more developed thallus, and further emended 

 by Th. Fries (Gen. Heterolich. p. 86 (1861) & Lich. Soand. p. 396). 

 Both these writers, as also Mudd (Man. p. 191), include one or more 

 of the species placed by Crombie in the section Sarcogyne of Lecanora 

 (Part 1. p. 151). Zahlbruokner (Engl. & Prantl. Pflanzenfamilien 

 i. 1, p. 151) places the genus (including section Sarcogyne) in the 

 Order AcarosporacecB, along with other genera, either lecanorine or 

 lecideine, that have similar many-spored asci and minute colourless 

 spores. 



1. B. fossarum Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. p. 397 (1874).^Xhailus 

 effuse, very thin, granulose or leprose, greyish or greenish (K — , 

 CaCl — ), at times evanescent. Apothecia moderate or somewhat 

 large, adnate or appressed, convex, immarg^nate, reddish-flesh- 

 coloured or bright saffron-red, whitish within ; hypothecium pale ; 

 paraphyses discrete, slender, yellow at the apices ; spores oblong 

 or oblong-cyUndrical, 0,006-12 mm. long, 0,003-4 mm. thick; 

 hymenial gelatine deep-blue then dark with iodine. — Lecidea 

 fossarum Duf. in Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 264 (1831) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 ed. 3, p. 383 ; Cromb. in Grevillea xxii. p. 59. 



Externally subsimilar to Lecidea vernalis, but differing in the 

 structure of the apothecia. In the few British specimens seen, the 

 thallus is but Uttle visible, and the apothecia are also smaller and less 

 brightly-coloured than in specimens from southern Europe. 



Hab. On mosses amongst rocks in an alpine situation. — B. M. 

 Summit of Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



2. B. ochrophora Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. p. 399 (1874).— Thallus 

 effuse, very thin, occurring in patches (K — , CaCl — ), or usually 

 obsolete. Apothecia small, convex, at length subglobose, im- 

 marginate, yellowish-pruinose, sordidly pale within ; paraphyses 



