208 GKAPHIDBI [aRTHONIA 



0,012-16 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm. thick.— Leight. Lich. Pi. ed. 3, 

 p. 415. 



Exsiec. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 193. 



Very similar to the last species, but with smaller apotheoia and 

 spores. 



Rah. On trees, rare. — B. M. Doughruagh Mt., Connemara, 

 Gralway (the only locality). 



Spores 3-i-sejptate, upper cell largest, 



i. A. gregaria Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 291 (1855.) — 

 ThaUus determinate, often developed under the bark (hypo- 

 phloeodal), greyish or reddish, thin, filmy, sometimes furfuraceous. 

 Apothecia irregularly roundish or elongate, scattered or confluent, 

 the disc plane, depressed, somewhat whitish- or cinnabar-red- 

 pruinose or naked (K4- violet) ; spores obovate-clavate, usually 

 4-septate, the upper cell lai'gest, colourless or faintly yellowish- 

 red, 0,018-26 mm. long, 0,007-9 mm. thick; hymenial gelatine 

 blue with iodine.— Mudd Man. p. 249. A. cinnaharina Wallr. 

 Grypt. Germ. i. p. 320 (1831); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 102; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 398; ed. 3, p. 421. Sphseria gregaria 

 Weigel Obs. Bot. p. 43, t. 2, fig. 10 (1772). Dicks. PI. Crypt, i. 

 p. 22 (1785) ; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 391 ; Sow. Engl. Pung. 

 iii. t. 375, f. 5. Spiloma(i) tumidula Ach. Meth. 1, p. 11, t. 1, 

 fig. 5 (1803) and S. tumidulum Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 136 (1810) ; 

 Engl. Bot. t. 2151 ; Hook. PI. Scot. ii. p. 35; S. P. Gray Nat. Arr. 

 i. p. 480. S. gregarium Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. p. 42 (1839) ; 

 Hook, in Sm. Engl. PI. v. p. 167 pro parte ; Tayl. in Mackay 

 PI. Hib. ii. p. 77 pro parte. Coniocarpon cinnaharinum DC. PI. 

 Pranc. ii. p. 323 (1805) ; Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, 

 xiii. p. 443, t. 8, f. 40 (1854). 



Well distinguished by the form and septation of the spores and 

 also frequently by the red colouration which is more or less apparent 

 on thallus or apothecia, becoming more pronounced in var. hermesina 

 and disappearing in vars. pruinata and anerythrea. The thallus is 

 usually suborbicular in outline and limited by a rather broad dark 

 line. 



Hab. On the bark of trees. — Distr. Frequent in England and 

 Ireland. — B. M. Hassock's Gate, Crawley, Pairlight, Hurstpierpoint 

 and Balcombe, Sussex ; Oakley Park, Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; 

 Malley, New Forest, Hants ; Gopsal, Leicestershire : Forden, near 

 Welshpool, Montgomeryshire ; Patcham, Worcestershire ; ClifErigg 

 and near Stokesley, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Windermere, Westmore- 

 land ; Muckruss Demesne and Deer Park, Killarney, Kerry ; Adare 

 and near Limerick ; Glenstale, Tipperary ; Dromoland, Clare ; Bally- 

 edmond Glen, Cork. 



Var. astroidea Mudd Man. p. 250 (1861), emend.— ThaUus 

 usually thin, smooth or minutely cracked, whitish or tinged with 

 purple. Apothecia subimmersed, depressed, confluent in radiate 



