arthonia] arthoniace^ 209 



or stellate groups, naked or often vermilion-powdered at the 

 margins. — Coniocarpon cinnabarinum var. astroideum Leight. in 

 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 445 (1854) pro parte. 

 Arthonia cinnaharina var. anerythrea f. astroidea Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 400 (1871) ; ed. 3, p. 422 ; var. Tcermesina i. marginata 

 Leight. II. 0. pro parte ; var. opegrapMna Leight. in Grevillea 

 i. p. 59, t. 4, f. 7 (1872) & Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 423. A. radiata 

 var. opegrapMna Aoh. Lich. Univ. p. 669 (1810). A. astroidea 

 var. opegrapMna Ach. Syn. p. 6 (1814) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 103 ; var. epipastoides Leight. II. c. (non Nyl.). 

 Exsicc. Mudd nos. 233 (as var. marginata), 234. 



Perhaps only a growth form. The narrow edge of bright red 

 granules round the ardellae is very striking in nearly all the specimens. 



Hab. On trees.— Distr. Somewhat rare in S. and N. England and 

 S. Ireland. — B. M. Withiel and St. Breock, Cornwall ; Oakley Park, 

 Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Airyholme and Ayton, Cleveland, York- 

 shire. 



Form cuspidans A. L. Sm. — Thallus as in the variety. 

 Apothecia elongate, slender, the ends pointed, scarcely tinged 

 with red ; spores rather smaller, 0,016-19 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. 

 thick. — Arthonia cinnaharina i. cuspidans Nyl. in Flora lix. p. 310 

 (1876); Cromb. in Grevillea v. p. 30; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, 

 p. 423. 



Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 235. 



Hab. On trees. — Distr. Bare in S. and W. Ireland. — B. M. 

 Cromaglown, Killarney and Glencar, Kerry ; Doughruagh Mt. and 

 Derryclare, Connemara, Galway. 



Var. kermesina A. L. Sm. — Thallus whitish or tinged red or 

 purple. Apothecia usually convex, powdery, more or less 

 vermilion-coloured. — Vars. cinnaharina, rosacea, detrita and dubia 

 Mudd Man. p. 249 {Spiloma gregarium vars. Turn. & Borr. I. c). 

 Coniocarpon cinnabarinum vars. Leight. I. c. A. cinnaharina var. 

 kermesina Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 257 (1861); Cromb. Lich.. Brit, 

 p. 102 ; Leight., Lich. Fl. p. 399 ; ed. 3, p. 422, inch ff. cinna- 

 harina, rosacea, detrita and dubia. Spiloma tumidulum Sm. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 2151 (1810) (non Ach.?). Lepra kermesina Schser. 

 Enum. p. 240 (1850). 



Exsicc. Leight. nos. 249, 250. 



Differs from the type in the marked vermilion or purple colour. 

 The thallus varies from whitish to a deep purple ; the apothecia are 

 usually a deep red, and occasionally thaUus or apothecia somewhat 

 whitish-pruinose. 



Hab. On trunks of trees. — Distr. More or less common through- 

 out the British Isles. — B. M. Eozel, Jersey ; St. Breock, Cornwall ; 

 near Becky Falls, near Lustleigh and Torquay, Devon; Chedworth 

 Woods, Gloucestershire ; New Forest, Hants ; Ardingly, Sussex ; 

 Epping Forest, Essex ; Twycross, Leicestershire ; Hay Park, Ludlow, 

 Shropshire; Forden, Montgomeryshire; King's Wood, Airyholme 

 Wood, Ingleby Park and near Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Nannau, 

 II. P 



