270 PTHENOCAKPEI [dEBSIATOCAKPON 



Hab. On maritkae rocks. — Distr. Eare in X.E. England. — B. M. 

 On the shore of the Tyne, near Newcastle, Xorthumberland. 



3. D. lachneum A. L. Sm. — ThaUus coriaceous, squamose, 

 brownish-red, the squamules roundish, flexuose or incised, often 

 imbricate with the margins free, or appressed and adnate, under 

 surface rhizinose. Perithecia minute, the ostioles dark-brown ; 

 spores 8 in the ascus, oblong or ovate, 0,013— 18 mm. long, 0,008 mm. 

 thick. — Lichen lachneus Ach. lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 140 (1798); 

 Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 1698 (1807). L. leptopliyUus Sm. EngL Bot. 

 t. 2012, f. 1 (1809). EndMarpon lachneum Ach. Meth. p. 127 

 (1803); S. F. Gray Xat. Arr. i. p. 500; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. 

 Hib. ii. p. 99 ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 14, t. 3, f. 2 pro parte. 

 E. lufescens Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 304 (1810) ; Mudd Man. p. 267 

 pro parte; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 108; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 411 ; 

 ed. 3, p. 443 (incl. f. lachneum). E. Hedtcigii var lachneum Hook, 

 in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 156 (1833). 



Exsicc. Bohl. n. 75 (as Eiidocarpon Sedtnigii). 



The species name lachneum is older than rufescens, and Smith's 

 figure of Lichen lachneus unquestionably represents this plant. 

 Acbarius originally described E. rufescens as reddish when fresh, and 

 E. lachneum as at first greenish-brown. The British specimens vary 

 in colour from brown to browTiish-red. 



Hah. On earth among rocks, chiefly in upland regions. — IHstr. 

 Baie in the maritime and hilly regions of the British Isles. — B. M. 

 St. Miuver, Cornwall ; Torquay, Devon ; Alboume and near Houghton, 

 Svissex ; Cheddar Clife, Clifton and Bathhampton Downs, Somerset ; 

 Uanymynech Hill, Shropshire ; Malvern HUl, Worcestershire ; Tenby, 

 Pembrokeshire ; Newmarket Heath, Cambridgeshire ; near Burton and 

 Dovedale, Derbyshire ; MaUiam, Yorkshire ; Windermere, Westmore- 

 land ; King's Park, Edinburgh ; Craig CaUiach and Ben Lawers, 

 Perthshire ; Craig Guie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Hills of Applex, 

 JElossshire. 



4. D. hepaticum Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 25.3 (I860).— Thallus 

 coriaceous, squamulose, brownish to dark-brown, the squamules 

 round or angular, closely adnate, more or less dispersed, the 

 margins entire, sometimes rather raised and blackish, the under 

 surface fibrillose. Perithecia minute, the ostioles dark-brown; 

 spores 8 in the ascus, oblong, 0,011-16 mm. long, 0,006-8 mm. 

 thick. — Lichenoides, quod Lichen pulmonarius terrestres, etc. Dill. 

 Hist. Muse. p. 228, t. 30, f. 133 (1740)? Lichen trapeziformis 

 Zoega ex Dicks. PI. Crypt, ii. (1790)? Engl. Bot. t. 595? 

 Endocarpon hepaticum Ach.- Lich. Univ. p. 298 (1810); Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 108 pro parte; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 412; ed. 3, 

 p. 443 (incl. f. exiguum). E. Hedwigii S. F. Gray lsa.t. Arr. i. 

 p. 500 (1821) pro parte ; Grev. Fl. Edin. p. 329 pro parte ; Hook. 

 in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 156 (1833)? (non Ach.); Leight. Angioc. 

 Lich. p. 14, t. 3, f. 3 (1851) pro parte. E. pusillum Tayl. in 

 Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 99 (1836) (non Hedw.) ; Mudd Man. 



