DERMATOCABPOn] DERMATOCAEPACEiE 271 



p. 268 (1861) pro parte. E. exiguum Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. 

 Bord. ser. 3, i. p. 422 (1856). 



Exsicc. Leight. n. 135 (as Endocarpon Hedwigii) ; Mudd 

 n. 257 (as E. pusillum). 



Closely allied to the preceding species, but the colour of the thallus 

 is usually brown, the squamules smaller, more scattered, more closely 

 adnate and often with a dark edge, the spores also are rather smaller. 

 It has been confused with Endocarpon pusillum, which has a some- 

 what similar thalline development. It is impossible in the absence 

 of specimens to identify accurately the plants included under Lichen 

 trapesiformis by Dickson and Smith. 



Hah. On the ground in barren places and on old walls. — Distr. 

 Rare throughout the British Isles. — B. M. Noiimont, Jersey ; near 

 Penzance, Cornwall ; Babbicombe and Totnes Downs, Devon ; New- 

 haven Cliffs, near Lewes, and Box Grove near Chichester, Sussex ; 

 Eeigate Hill, Surrey ; Epping Forest, Essex ; Fairford and Cirencester, 

 Gloucestershire ; Moor Park, Herefordshire' ; Tenby, Pembrokeshire ; 

 near Dolgelly, Merioneth; I. of Anglesea; Clapham, Yorkshire; 

 Appin, Argyll ; Ben Lawers and Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire ; 

 Lower Eoad, Cork ; Dunkerron, Kerry. 



5. D. cinereum Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 256 (I860).— Thallus 

 squamulose, closely adherent, greyish-brown, the squamules 

 scattered or congregate, the under surface black. Perithecia 

 numerous, minute, with a prominent dilated dark-brown ostiole ; 

 spores 8 in the ascus, elliptical-oblong, rather large, simple or 

 sometimes pseudo-septate, colourless, 0,018-22 mm. long, 0,008- 

 11 mm. thick. — Endocarpon cinereum Pers. in Ust. Ann. Bot. vii. 

 p. 28 (1794) ; Mudd Man. p. 268. E. tepJiroides Ach. Meth. p. 129 

 (1803); S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 499 (1821); Hook. Fl. Scot, 

 p 44 pro parte & in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 159. Lichen tepJiroides 

 Ach. Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 18 (1798); Engl. Bot. t. 2013. 

 Sagedia cinerea Fr. Lich. Eur.' p. 413 (1831); Leight. Angioc. 

 Lich. p. 22, t. 7, f. 1. Verrucaria tephroides Nyl. in Maine et 

 Loire Mem. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 17 (1858); Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 108 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 428; ed. 3, p. 458. 



Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Osesar. n. 96 & Lich. Hb. n. 117. 



The spores are for a long time simple and full of small granules, 

 but at maturity they seem to be more or less faintly septate, and have 

 been so figured by Leighton. 



Hah. On the ground mostly in mountainous regions. — Distr. Eare 

 in the Channel Islands, S. and N. England, N. Scotland and W. Ireland. 



B. M. Grosnez Common, Jersey ; Cader Idris, Merioneth ; Tees- 



dalei Durham ; Finlarig, Killin and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Ben 

 Cruachan and I. of Lismore, Argyll; Hills of Applex, Eossshire ; 

 Craig Guie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Stronsay, Orkney; Cleghan, 

 Connemara, Galway. 



Var. cartilagineum A. L. Sm. — Squamules firmer, more 

 cartilao-ineous than in the species, subimbricate and sublobate, 

 pale-greyish or brownish. — Verrucaria tephroides var. cartilaginea 



