BNDOCAEPOn] DBEMATOCAEPACEjE 275 



the preceding species.— Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 18. Verrucaria 

 sorediata Borr. in Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2612, f. 2 (1829). 



Often included in the preceding species from which it differs only 

 in the larger size and lighter colour of the thallus, and in the sorediate 

 apex of the perithecia. 



Hab. On mud walls. — Distr. Very rare, recorded only from 

 Thetford, Norfolk.— B. M. One small specimen without locality. 



3. E. pallidum Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 301 (1810).— Thallus 

 pale-reddish-brown, squamulose, the squamules minute, crowded, 

 imbricate, lobate and crenate. Perithecia minute, dark-brown, 

 the ostioles prominent, brownish-black; spores 2 in the ascus, 

 brownish, linear-oblong, muriform becoming brown, large, 0,034- 

 54 mm. long, 0,014-19 mm. thick, sometimes slightly con- 

 stricted.— S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 500 ; Hook, in Sm. Engl. 

 Fl. V. p. 157; Tayl. in Maokay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 99; Leight. 

 Angioc. Lich. p. 19, t. 5, f. 3. Lichen paUidus Sm. Engl. Bot. 

 t. 2541 (1813). Verrucaria pallida Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. 

 Bord. ser. 3, i. p. 424 (1856); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 109; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 459 ; ed. 3, p. 491. Dermatocarpon pallidum 

 Mudd Man. p. 269 (1861). 



Well distinguished by the small imbricate crowded squamules. 



Hab. On earth-covered rocks. — Distr. Eare in S.W. Ireland. — 

 B.M. Killarney, Kerry. 



4. E. rugosum Tayl. in Maokay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 258 (1836).— 

 Thallus subtartareous, with tumid waved aggregate pruinose 

 warts, glaucous grey, not altered when wet ; buds in a coarse 

 whitish powder on the summits of the warts. Apothecia minute, 

 few, scattered, oblong, quite immersed, with dark-brown, 

 depressed summits. — Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 15, t. 4, fig. 1. 



Leighton was unable to find asoi or spores in the fruits of this 

 lichen, and points out that the habit and appearance seem to resemble 

 Pertusaria far more than Endocarpon. There are two specimens in 

 the British Museum, one of them from Taylor's Herbarium, both of 

 them with sterile thallus only, probably of some Pertusaria. 



VERRUCARIACEiE. 



Thallus crustaceous, superficial or developed within the 

 substratum, not corticated. Algal cells (gonidia) Pleurococcus or 

 Palmella, sometimes present in the hymenium. Perithecia 

 simple, globose or semi-globose, more or less immersed, opening 

 by a pore at the apex (ostiole) ; asci 2-8-spored ; paraphyses 

 persistent or disappearing in mucilage. Spermogones globose, 

 immersed, with jointed sterigmata and oblong or ellipsoid 

 spermatia. 



T 2 



