284 PYRENOCAEPEI [VEEETJCARIA 



glaucina, incl. subsp. sub/usceUa) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 424 ; ed. 3, 

 p. 455. V. nigrescens subsp. mbfuscella Kyi. Lich. Scand. p. 271 

 (1861). F. mortarii Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 546 (non Arn.). 

 Endocarpon liridtilum Schrad. Spicil. Fl. Germ. p. 192 (1794). 

 Lichen tesseUatiLS Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 533 (1798) ? Pyrenula tessellata 

 S. F. Gray Xat. Arr. 1, p. 493(1821)? Sagedia viridula Fr. 

 Lich. Eur. p. 414 (1831) ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 23, t. 7, fig. 3. 

 Exsicc. Leight. nos. 98, pro parte (as Endocarpon lithinum), 

 140 (as V. rupestris), 229 ; Mudd n. 279 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. without 

 a number (as V. mortarii). 



Somewhat variable in the development of the thaUus which is 

 usually rather thick and deeply cracked, though it may become almost 

 evanescent ; it varies ia colour from hght greyish-green to a dirty- 

 brownish colour (subsp. suhfuscella). There is considerable similarity 

 between it and V. papillosa, but the thaUus of the latter species is 

 thinner, and perithecia and spores smaller. 



I have not seen Arnold's specimen of V. mortarii; the one 

 recorded from Quy Churchyard, Cambridgeshire, is a growth form of 

 V. viridula. 



Hah. On mortar, old walls, rocks, &c. — Distr. Common in the 

 Channel Islands and throughout England, rarer iu Scotland and 

 Ireland. — B. M. Aldemey; St. ilinver and Withiel, Cornwall; 

 Plymouth and Torquay, Devonshire ; Bembridge and Shanklin, I. of 

 Wight; Midhurst Bridge and Petworth, Sussex; Hythe, Kent; 

 Reigate, Surrey; Hempstead, Gloucestershire; Bevere and near 

 Pershore, Worcestershire; Walthamstow, Essex; Whitecliff Bocks, 

 near Ludlow, Shropshire ; Shelton, Beds ; Ulting, Essex ; Much Wen- 

 lock, Shropshire ; Gracedieu and Breedon-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire ? 

 (sterile thaUus on an old leather sole) ; Quy, Cambridge ; BUsdale, 

 near Guisboro' and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Castle Eden Dean, 

 Durham ; near Cork ; Derryquin, Kerry ; Tully, Kylemore and Dawros 

 River, Connemara, Galway. 



18. V. ochrostoma Mudd Man. p. 290 (1861).— Thallus 

 thickish, crustaceous, warted and wrinkled, cracked-areolate, 

 varying in colour from dusky-cream or grey to oHve, brownish- 

 black or umber. Perithecia immersed, then partly emergent, 

 black (brownish at an early stage) ; perithecial wall thin, entire ; 

 spores oblong or elliptical, 0,018-22 mm. long, 0,010 mm. thick. 

 — Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. Ill; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 424; ed. 3, 

 p. 454. Sagedia ochrostoma Borr. ex Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 23, 

 t. 7, fig. 4 (1851). 



Yery similar in the appearance of the thallus to some states of the 

 preceding, of which it is perhaps only a form. The perithecia are 

 brownish when young. 



Sab. On mortar of walls. — B. M. Near Henfield, Sussex (the only 

 locality). 



19. V. macrostoma DC. Fl. Franc, ii. p. 313 (1805).— ThaUus 

 tawny-brownish, cartilaginous, rather thick, cracked-areolate, the 

 areolae subsquamulose or raised into iiTegular warts. Perithecia 



