318 PYRENOCABPEI [abTHOPTKBNIA 



or subventricose ; spores colourless, cylindrical, clavate, 1-septate, 

 the upper cell rather thicker, the lower cell longer, 0,015-25 

 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. thick. — Verrucaria epidermidis var. pyre- 

 nastrella iSjl. in ilaine et Loire Mem. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 59 

 (1858). V. punctiformis f. tremulx Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 434 

 (1871) ; ed. 3, p. 466, e descript. (F. stigmatella var. tremulx 

 Ach. Meth. p. 117 (1803)?). F. mhmlsemvia Nyl. in Flora be. 

 p. 231 (1S77), e descript. ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 472. 



Allied to A. punctiformis, but with smaller congregate perithecia 

 and larger spores. 



Sab. On the bark of trees. — Bistr. Bare in S. England, W. Scot- 

 land and S.W. Ireland. — B. M. Shefi&eld Park and Nutley, Sussex; 

 Barcaldine, Lome, Argyll ; Croghan, Killamey, Kerrj-. 



4. A. cinereopruinosa Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 368 

 (1855). — Thallus greyish- or yeUowish-white, effuse, very thin. 

 Perithecia hemispherical, more or less minute, innate at first and 

 thinly covered by the thallus which gives them a pruinose appear- 

 ance, sometimes emergent and shining black ; perithecial wall 

 dimidiate ; asci cylindrical-olavate, rarely obovate ; paraphyses 

 slender, often septate, numerous or scanty, sometimes breaking 

 up ; spores colourless, equally 1-septate, constricted in the 

 middle, with usually a slighter constriction in each cell, 015—22 

 mm. long, 005—7 mm. thick. — A. epidermidis var. cinereopruinosa 

 ]Mudd Man. p. 305 (1861) (inul. subvar. galactites) {Verrucaria 

 galaciites DO. Fl. Franc, ii. p. 315 (1805)1). Verrucaria cine- 

 reopruinosa Schser. Spicil. p. 343 (1833). F. epidermidis var. 

 cinereopruinosa Garov. Tent. p. 84, t. 5, fig. 5 (1865) ; Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. p. 432 ; ed. 3, p. 464. 



Exsicc. Leight. n. 197; Mudd n. 297; Carroll Lich. Hib. 

 n. 30 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 279 (as Verrucaria fallax). 



Differs from A. epidermidis chiefly in the immersed perithecia, 

 but also in the more elongate asci and more distinct paraphyses. The 

 spores often have a distinct sKght constriction in each cell. 



Hah. On bark of trees. — Distr. Somewhat rare in S. and N. 

 England and in S. Ireland. — B. M. Torquay, Devon ; near Crawley, 

 Sussex ; near Guiting and near Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Ingleby 

 and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Castle Bernard Park, Bandon, 

 Little Island and near Carrigaline, Cork; Kenmare, Kerry; near 

 Chfden and Eenvyle Wood, Connemara, Galway. 



Form Hederse Am. in Flora Ijcviii. p. 160 (1885). — Differs 

 from the species in the somewhat more exposed and larger 

 perithecia and in the more elongate asci, the spores show 

 occasionally a second or third septum. — Pyrenula punctiformis 

 var. cinereopruinosa form Sederse Hepp Flecht. Eui-. n. 105 

 (1853). 



Hab. On ivy branches. — Distr. Rare in W. Ireland. — B. M. Kil- 

 laloe, Clare. 



