324 PYKENOCAEPEI [aETHOPYRBNIA 



somewhat furfuraceous. Perithecia very minute, black, semi- 

 immersed, the upper part conical, opening by a rather wide ostiole ; 

 perithecial wall thin, entire ; paraphyses numerous, slender, 

 branched ; asci elongate, slightly narrowed at each end, about 

 0,140 mm. long, 0,025 mm. thick ; spores usually 8 in the ascus, 

 elongate-clavate, the upper cell broader, sometimes with large 

 guttulas, colourless, 1-septate, large, 0,032-37 mm. long, 0,010 mm. 

 thick. 



The scanty algal symbiont is Trentepohlia, and has the deep 

 yellow colour of the gonidia of many of the maritime species. The 

 spores resemble somewhat those of A. epidermidis, but they are much 

 larger. The specimen was collected by J. A. Wheldon. 



Hab. On dajnp sandy shore. — B. M. Formby, Lancashire (the 

 only locality). 



18. A. bryospila A. L. Sm. — Thallus dark-brownish-black, 

 thin. Perithecia black, minute, prominent, subconical ; ostiole 

 poriform ; perithecial wall entire ; paraphyses distinct, slender, 

 branched ; asci oblong, slightly narrower upwards ; spores 

 usually 8 in the ascus, sometimes 4 or 2, colourless, 1-septate, 

 0,027-44 mm. long, 0,008-012 mm. thick; hymenial gelatine 

 not tinged with iodine. — Verrucaria hryospila Xyl. in Flora 

 xlvii. p. 357 (1864); CarroU in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 293 (1865) ; 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 120; Leight. Lieh. Fl. p. 438; ed. 3, 

 p. 470. 



The British specimens are intermixed and somewhat over-grown 

 by Dermatocarpon cinereum. There are 8 spores in the ascus, some 

 of them of rather smaller size than those of the original Norwegian 

 plant. 



Hab. On mosses and schistose sod. — B. M. Ben Lawers, Perth- 

 shire (only British loeaJity). 



Parasitic and doubtful species ; spores l-septaie. 



19. A. allogena A. L. Sm. — Thallus wanting. Perithecia 

 black, hemispherical ; perithecial wall dimidiate ; paraphyses 

 indistinct ; spores oblong or slightly clavate-oblong, colourless, 

 1-septate, one cell slightly thicker, 0,023—37 mm. long, 

 0,007—9 mm. thick. — Vemicaria allogena Nyl. in Flora xlviii. 

 p. 357 (1865) ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 461 ; ed. 3, p. 492. 

 V. epidermidis var. allogena Carroll in Journ. Bot. iv. p. 25 

 (1866) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 120. 



Betained in this genus on account of the dimidiate apothecium, a 

 strongly lichenological character. The spores are very like those of 

 A. epidermidis, of which Nylander thought it might possibly be a 

 variety. 



Hab. Parasitic on the thallus of Bhizocarpon petrceum var. 

 excentricum. — B. M. Ben Lawers, Perthshire (the only locality). 



