38 H. G. SIMMONS. [SEC. ARCT, EXP. FRAM 
There is, however, also a number of species so distributed as to 
make it rather difficult to form a definitive opinion as to whether they 
are to be referred to the american or to the ubiquitous plants. 
Such are from Group I, 1: : 
1. Arnica alpina, as it seems most widely spread on the Ame- 
rican side and absent from Southern Greenland. In Ellesmereland it is 
not found in the Hayes Sound region. 
2. Pedicularis hirsuta, circumpolar but absent from Southern 
Greenland. 
3. Chamaenerium latifolium, lacking in Western Siberia, Scan- 
dinavia and Spitsbergen, but appearing in Iceland. If this plant is to 
be counted as american in Greenland, it should have reached Iceland 
from the west. Here, however, as in some other cases also, two diffe- 
rent ways of immigration may be possible. 
4. Potentilla pulchella, only south to the Disco region, and absent 
from Western Siberia and the European Continent. 
5. P. emarginata, similarly distributed as the last. 
6. Braya purpurascens, circumpolar, but only found about 70° 
in Danish West Greenland. 
7. Eutrema Edwardsii, circumpolar, bul very sporadic in Green- 
land. 
8. Ranunculus affinis, circumpolar, but only in a single place in 
Danish West Greenland. 
9. Melandrium apetalum, circumpolar, but only spread southward 
to the Disco region. 
10. Salix arctica, absent from Spitsbergen and the European 
Continent, and represented in Greenland mostly by the var. Brownii, which 
is principally american, and the var. groenlandica. 
11. Luzula nivalis, absent from Southern Greenland. 
12. Carex nardina, absent from Arctic Asia and Novaja Semlja, 
but appearing again in Northern Finland, Scandinavia and Spitsbergen. 
13. Dupontia Fisheri, civcumpolar, but only sparingly represented 
in Greenland, where it is lacking in the south. 
14. Poa abbreviata, most probably an american plant and absent 
from Asia, but appearing again in Spitsbergen, Franz Joseph Land, and 
Novaja Semlja. In Danish Greenland its southern limit is at the Disco 
region, and in East Greenland at Scoresby Sound. 
15. Aspidium fragrans, entirely absent from Europe, and with a 
northerly distribution in W. Greenland, absent from E. Greenland except 
for Scoresby Sound. 
