684 APPENDIX. 



of chalky matters. In milk to wluch sheep's 



FiQ. 398. brains have been added, fine nerve-tubes 



^ '^', o a°8o° o "^^^^ ^® ^^^^ ^^ *^® -^^^^ °^ ^^^ microscope 



®oog|,o''?° ."J"* mingled vcith oil-globules. A tendency on 



<^-°Q?e,^'t?'>%fQa^ ® til® P'J'i't of the globules to collect in masses 



'^ °' 'fiP" 0%%., is an indication of acidity. Pus and blood- 



"^^^la^' "4^' corpuscles are easily distinguished by their 

 ^o^'^Sl®^ ^1"® peculiar characteristics. 



o °°° " " The richness of milk is dependent upon 



the number of globules. In determining the quality of the milk 

 of different animals the greatest care in manipulation is ne- 

 cessary. 



Saliva. — A drop of saliva placed upon a glass slide and covered 

 with a thin piece of glass, presents for examination epithelial 

 scales from the buccal mucous membrane, salivary corpuscles, 

 and numerous molecules and granules. 



The epithelial scales are flat plates, varying in length from the 

 l-800th to the l-500th of an inch. They are generally oblong in 

 shape, sometimes square, and occasionally very irregular. The 

 edges are curled up and often adherent to. those of other scales. 

 "With a magnifying povv^er of 250 diameters linear, a round or 

 oval nucleus may be seen in the substance of these scales, sur- 

 rounded with a great number of molecules and granules. The 

 addition of acetic acid renders the nucleus more distinct, at the 

 same time increasing the transparency of the scale. "Water pro- 

 duces little or no effect. 



" The salivary corpuscles are colorless, spherical bodies, with 

 smooth margins, varying in size from the l-3000th to the l-1800th 

 of an inch in diameter. They contain a round nucleus, varying 

 in size, but generally occupying a third of the cell ; and between 

 this nucleus and the cell-wall are numerous molecules and 

 granules, which communicate to the entire corpuscle a finely 

 molecular aspect. The addition of water causes these bodies to 

 swell o"ut and enlarge from endosmosis ; while acetic acid some- 

 what dissolves the cell-wall, and it becomes more transparent ; 

 while the nucleus appears more distinct as a single, double, or 



tripartite body. Both water and acetic 

 Fio. 399. acid also, produce coagulation of the 



albuminous matter contained in the 

 fluid of the saliva, which assumes the 

 form of molecular fibres, in which the 

 corpuscles and epithelial scales become 

 entangled, and present to the naked eye 

 a white film."' (Fig. 399.) 



The salivary corpuscles are accom- 

 panied with a quantity of molecular and 

 ^''"TcSerar/gtan'uiC''""'" grauular matter, which undergoes an 

 increase in ulceration of the mucous 



' Dr. Bennett's Introduction to Clinical Medicine. 



