fifty in number. The eggs will hatch in from six to eight days, 

 when the larva crawls to the blossom end, eats its way inside, 

 lives there for several months and eats its way out of the 

 apple, making a hole and a blemish that injures the fruit for sale. 



To control this insect the fruit should be sprayed with Ar- 

 senate of Lead as soon as the blossoms have fallen, forcing it 

 into the calyx end of the blossoms that the poison may be there 

 when the larva begins to eat its way into the apple, as it does at 

 that point. 



At this time also, for the protection of the apples against a 

 fungus that attacks them, and known as the Apple Scab, a fun- 

 gicide is used, of which there are several kinds. Those in most 

 general use are Bordeaux Mixture, Lime and Sulphur, Pyrox, 

 Sulfocide and some others. Bordeaux Mixture is made by dis- 

 solving three pounds of Sulphate of Copper and three pounds of 

 Lime, and putting them in fifty gallons of water. One gallon of 

 Lime and Sulphur is put into forty gallons of water to which 

 may be added two pounds of Arsenate of Lead, and both sprayed 

 upon the trees at the same time. Do not use Arsenate of Lead 

 in the other materials. Another spraying should be made about 

 twenty days later. 



In many sections in the South, a second brood: of Codlin 

 Moth will appear towards the last of July, when another spray- 

 ing with Arsenate of Lead without the fungicides should be 

 made. This will also apply to Southern New York, New Jersey, 

 and Southern New England. 



These treatments should ensure 95 per cent, of perfect fruit. 

 In using spray-materials which are obtained ready for use, fol- 

 low closely the directions of the manufacturers. 



The Apple-tree Tent-Caterpillars are leaf-eating insects, 

 and many of these will be killed at the time of spraying for the 

 Codlin Moth, but when they build their silken nests they should 

 be taken out of the trees. This may be done by tying a piece 

 of cotton cloth in the form of a small bulb on the end of a fish 

 pole, running it into the nest and by a turning motion roll the 

 nest and caterpillars on the end of the pole when they may be 

 brought down and crushed on the ground. Do not use torches 

 for this work. The burning injures the trees. 



The Canker or Measuring Worm appears periodically in 



22 



