172 BULLETIN 107, UNITED STATES ‘NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
Fall—tThe fall migration, which is nothing more than a with- 
drawal of the species from the northern portion of its breeding range, 
occurs late in the fall, with the closing in of the ice. Nelson (1887) 
says that, “when hunting far out at sea the Eskimo of Norton 
Sound find them late in November about the holes in the ice.” South 
of the Aleutian Islands the species is present throughout the winter, 
but apparently less numerous than in summer because individuals 
are more widely scattered on the open sea; they are much shyer and 
are clad in their inconspicuous winter coat of gray and white. 
Probably many of them spend the winter way off on the open ocean, 
DISTRIBUTION. 
Breeding range.—Coasts and islands of the North Pacific Ocean 
and Bering Sea. From California (Santa Barbara Islands and 
Farallones), Oregon (Three Arch Rocks), Washington (Puget 
Sound region), and British Columbia (Vancouver Island and Queen 
Charlotte Islands) along the coast of southern Alaska and through- 
out the Aleutian Islands; northward along the coast and islands of 
Bering Sea to Bering Strait; and from the Kurile Islands and the 
Commander Islands northward along the Siberian coast to East Cape 
and Koliutschin Bay. Perhaps rarely north to Cape Lisburne, 
Alaska. 
Winter range.—From the Aleutian Islands and the Pribilof Islands 
southward to California (San Clemente Island) and northern Japan. 
Spring migration —Migration in spring is limited to the return of 
the birds to their breeding places from the near-by sea. In Norton 
Sound, Alaska, this takes place from the last of March to the first 
of April, if open spaces occur in the sea ice. First arrivals at the 
Commander Islands were noted March 14. 
Fall migration—They desert the breeding localities as soon as the 
young are raised and resort to the ocean in the vicinity. About 
Norton Sound they sometimes occur as late as November. 
Egg dates.—Farallone Islands: 63 records, May 3 to July 9; 32 
records, June 1 to 26. British Columbia and Washington: 21 rec- 
ords, May 9 to July 13; 11 records, June 12 to 23. Santa Barbara 
Islands: 16 records, May 15 to July 18; 8 records, June 6 to 23. 
Southern Alaska: 7 records, June 15 to July 5; 4 records, June 18 
URIA TROILLE TROILLE (Linneus). 
MURRE. 
HABITS. 
As we approached Bird Rock on June 238, 1904, the setting sun 
shone full upon the tall, red sandstone cliffs, roughly sculptured by 
the elements into broad shelves, narrow ledges, and deep crevices, 
which offered lodging room for countless sea fowl, domiciled in their 
