Pure-bred Cattle 111 
are designated as “herd headers,” while bulls of some- 
what less quality and merit, but still very satisfactory for 
use on grade herds, are designated as “range bulls.” The 
class of cattle one intends to breed has some influence on 
the farm selected and if it is intended to breed largely 
range bulls, one can handle a considerable amount of 
bunch-grass pasture and it should preferably be located 
close to some beef-producing center. If handling the 
higher class of cattle, however, one must obtain a rich 
well-tilled farm that grows plenty of hay, grain, silage, 
and luxuriant pasture and it must be located close to some 
good railroad point. In all cases it must be borne in mind 
that pure-bred cattle, to be made a success financially, 
require better feed than do commercial beef cattle, and 
the man who expects to raise bulls in the same manner 
that he raises steers is doomed to disappointment. 
FOUNDING THE HERD 
Since the success or failure of a herd of pure-bred cattle 
is largely determined by the first purchases, it is not wise 
to rush blindly into the purchase of a large number of 
breeding stock until one has become thoroughly familiar 
with the standards of the breed. We offer the sugges- 
tion, therefore, that anyone contemplating founding a 
herd of cattle should study the matter for at least a year 
before making any purchases. One should visit the lead- 
ing fairs and find out the class of cattle which the other 
breeders are handling, and something of the type of cattle 
which they are trying to breed. Also one should study 
the leading blood lines so as to be able to interpret pedi- 
grees. The public auction sales are good places to learn 
something of the judgment of other breeders as to the 
