144 Western Live-stock Management 
almost drowned in spite of care exercised. Such a sheep 
can be saved by removing it from the vat and swinging it 
around ina circle holding it by the hind legs. The cen- 
trifugal force developed in this way removes the dip from 
the lungs and the sheep soon recovers. 
In dipping for ticks or scab, one should remember that 
there are two methods of procedure. One way Is ac- 
cording to directions, and the other is to attempt to 
economize time, labor, or money by using weaker solu- 
tions than advised and by hurrying the sheep through 
the swim. If the former method is used with any of the 
standard dips, the treatment should result in a cure. If 
the latter method is adopted, failure to effect a permanent 
cure is sure to result, regardless of dip used. It is a loss 
of time and money to dip sheep unless the work is prop- 
erly performed. 
BRANDING 
After shearing, the sheep are usually branded with 
paint marks so that they can be distinguished from other 
owners’ sheep. Common paint is generally used, but 
brands so made cannot be removed by the usual process 
of scouring, so the manufacturer must cut off the brands 
with the shears at a cost of much labor and considerable 
loss of wool. A trial of brands at one of the, western sta- 
tions showed that of those in common use, Kemp’s Aus- 
tralian Branding Fluid scoured out best, but with this 
fluid it is necessary to brand twice. The expense of 
branding twice a year, however, is less than the loss oc- 
casioned by the use of common paint brands. 
SUMMER MANAGEMENT 
In summer the herder with the assistance of the camp 
tender moves the sheep to the higher mountains or sum- 
