198 Western Live-stock Management 
the grain and feed will drop out. This type is usually 
known as a self-cleaning trough. If these troughs are 
tipped over after each feeding, little further attention need 
be given to the cleaning. A combination hay and grain 
rack usually is heavier in construction, and because of 
this it is inconvenient to tip it over for the cleaning 
of the trough each time, and therefore a little more care 
must be exercised as to cleanliness. 
While self-feeders have proved very satisfactory for 
feeding grain to hogs, they have not proved so with sheep. 
The death rate with sheep on self-feeders is much greater 
than where they are fed by hand, and the gains are less 
economical. 
Za 
NS 
SS 
4 
= 
Zp 
Fic. 17. — Shipping Crate. 
Shipping crates. 
A few shipping crates should always be at hand when 
pure-bred sheep are raised, since a buyer will often insist 
