The Work Horse 253 
work. Such hays as alfalfa, clover, vetch, or the grain 
hays furnish a fair amount of net energy but not usually 
enough to supply the horse when he is working hard. 
Timothy, wheat, and wild hay furnish but very little 
net energy and the straws almost none. Among the feeds 
that are usually high in protein are oil meal, bran, and 
oats, also alfalfa, clover, and vetch hay. Barley and the 
cereal hays are rather low in protein, while timothy hay 
and corn are very low. The feeds that are high in pro- 
tein are also usually rather high in mineral matter, which 
is an important point with young stock. 
The work horse has need for feeds supplying a large 
amount of energy rather than protein. In order properly 
to supply this, a horse at heavy work will require from 
one and one-quarter to one and one-half pounds of con- 
centrates and from one to one and one-quarter pounds 
of hay to 100 pounds of live weight. A ration often used 
for 1600-pound dray horses consists of twenty-two pounds 
of oats and sixteen pounds of timothy hay a day with 
two or three pounds of wheat bran and less grain on Satur- 
day night and Sunday. The grain is cut down and the 
bran fed on Saturday night and Sunday in order that the 
horse will be lightly fed when idle and that the bowels 
may be open so that he will not be so likely to be affected 
with azoturia when put to work. The amounts listed are 
about what the horse will consume when the hay is timothy, 
but with clover or alfalfa the amounts must be limited, 
since the horse given all he wants will eat entirely too much 
hay and too little grain. 
FEEDING WHEN IDLE 
In the case of mature horses maintained in idleness, the 
needs of the body are for maintenance of heat and the gen- 
