364 Western Live-stock Management 
taken that no undue cruelty is used with the jacks, as 
they are often timid and therefore must be encouraged 
rather than discouraged. 
In the handling of jacks with jennets the problem is 
simpler, and usually no trouble will be encountered. Oc- 
casionally jacks will be found that will breed both mares 
and jennets, but such is not commonly the case. When 
such practice is.followed, the mares are bred in the early 
season with the jennets, waiting until after the main part 
of the mare season is over. 
MARKET REQUIREMENTS 
The type of jacks and jennets demanded in America at 
the present time is best defined as an American type. 
This type has been developed by the use of jacks and 
jennets from several different countries, but under the 
direction of breeders located largely in Kentucky, Ten- 
nessee, and Missouri. These jacks have developed into 
a larger type than the imported ones and are usually 
termed Mammoth jacks. The main requirements for a 
good breeding jack are large bone, large heart girth, 
strongly coupled back and ribs, a large head and large 
ears. The finer jacks will not produce as large a mule, 
and therefore are not to be desired. The general type 
of jennet is similar to that of the jack, except that she is 
naturally smaller. Many jacks are found throughout 
the country that are nothing more than large burros and 
are not desired by the breeders. 
HINNEY PRODUCTION 
The hinney is produced by the opposite cross from the 
mule; that is, by breeding a stallion and a jennet. 
