Operations and Minor Ailments 423 
small intestines. Sometimes in very bad cases, they will 
traverse the bile duct, clogging the duct and reaching to 
the liver. It is not always possible to see worms passed 
from these pigs, but usually if the infestation is at all bad, 
an occasional worm will be seen in the feces. A lack of 
thrift in the pigs and failure to respond to even large 
quantities of good feed will be apparent. 
To treat the pigs successfully, they should be placed in a 
dry pen for twelve hours, and then given a good vermifuge 
mixed with their feed. The most satisfactory vermifuge 
consists of three to five grains of santonin, and five to eight 
grains of calomel to each 100 pounds of live weight. The 
pigs may be weighed up, the feed distributed in a long 
trough, and the drug sprinkled over the feed before the 
pigs are given access to the trough. The pigs should be 
confined for twenty-four hours longer in the dry pen so 
that the worms which are discharged may be gathered up 
and burned. It is obviously more convenient if the 
pen in which the pigs are kept has a tight floor, so that 
after the droppings have been scooped up, the floor may 
be thoroughly disinfected with a strong solution of sheep 
dip, so as to destroy any eggs which have been left on the 
floor. 
BRONCHIAL TROUBLE 
Pigs farrowed in damp, cold weather when exercise 
out of doors is difficult and when little sunlight is avail- 
able, frequently suffer from bronchial troubles, the most 
common of which is bronchial pneumonia. Due to a 
lack of exercise, considerable quantities of fat accumulate 
about the pigs’ chests and throats, making breathing diffi- 
cult, and starting an inflammation of the membranes 
lining the bronchial tubes. The inflammation may spread 
