Glossary 439 
after he is old enough for more or less masculine character of 
the head and neck to become noticeable. 
Staggy. Having the appearance of a stag. The degree of 
stagginess is of course controlled by the age at which the animal 
was castrated. 
Thoroughbred. A term often used as synonymous with pure- 
bred, but generally considered as incorrect when so used. It is 
more properly used as the name of a breed of horses. It is also 
used in nontechnical literature to indicate any very high class 
animal. 
BEEF CATTLE TERMS 
Beef cattle. A stock-yard term used to designate all steers 
suitable for slaughter purposes, as distinguished from steers 
not fat enough or old enough to slaughter, and as distinguished 
from all classes of cows, heifers, and bulls. 
Bos. Bos is the zodlogical name for the particular genus of 
the animal kingdom to which cattle of all kinds belong. 
Bovine. Of or pertaining to cattle; derived from the word 
bos. 
Butcher stock. A stock-yard term used to indicate all classes 
of cows, heifers, and bulls used for slaughter purposes. (See 
Beef cattle.) 
Calf. The young animal of the bovine species without regard 
to sex, usually under twelve months of age. Animals born 
during any one calendar year are ordinarily called calves until 
some time the following spring. 
Canners. A market class of very inferior cattle, usually old, 
thin cows, used for canning purposes. 
Cow. The female of the bovine species after she has pro- 
duced her first calf. Sometimes in the case of pure-bred herds 
the term cow is not applied until after the female has produced 
her second calf. 
Durham. An old but now practically obsolete name for the 
Shorthorn breed of beef cattle. 
Feeders. Steers that are not fat enough to slaughter, and 
yet are old enough and large enough to be ready to fatten off 
without further growth on range or pasture. Ordinarily steers 
that are two years old or over and weigh over 950 pounds will 
