444 Western Lnve-stock Management 
Mare. Female animal, although generally used after the 
animal is three years old or of breeding age. Previous to that 
time she is commonly known as a filly. 
Moon blindness. Technically known as periodic ophthalmia. 
This is an affliction of the eyes which causes a sort of blue scum 
to cover over the pupil. 
Mule. A hybird from jack and mare; females known as 
“mare mules,” and males as “horse mules.” 
Overreach. Reaching farther forward with the hind feet in 
traveling than where the front feet were picked up. 
Paddle. Throwing the front feet in when traveling. 
Parrot mouth. The upper teeth extending over the lower ones. 
Pink eye. A disease causing a white scum to form over the 
eye, often causing blindness. 
Poll evil. A fistulous condition or abscess on or near the 
poll. (Top of the head.) 
Posting. Rising and falling in the saddle with each alter- 
nate step when the horse is trotting. 
Puffs. Wind galls, bog spavins, or thoropins. 
Quarter crack. A vertical crack on the side of the hoof, 
often running to the coronet. 
Quittor. A fistulous gathering upon the heel or coronary 
band of the foot. 
Ringbone. A bony growth on the upper or lower pastern 
bones, and almost always causing lameness. 
Roarer. Defective in wind. 
Shoe boil. A bruise at elbow which results in an abscess. 
Sickle hock. Too much bend in the hock. A conformation 
predisposed to curbs. 
Side bone. An ossification of the lateral cartilage, occurring 
on either side of the foot. 
Slab-sided. Flat ribbed. 
Sound. Free from any defect or injury which may interfere 
with the usefulness of the animal. 
Splint. A bony growth on the cannon bone, occurring most 
often on the front legs and on the inside. 
Stallion. A male horse, although commonly applied to a 
male colt only after he is of breeding age. 
Stringy. Stringhalt. A convulsive action in the hind legs, 
flexing either one or both up with a jerk. 
