120 TRBB SPARROW. 



caffir corn was all they desired. The males do not sing if kept in company with each 

 other, but placed separately in a cage they sing almost incessantly through the months 

 of May and June. 



NAMES: White-throated Sparrow, White-throat, "Peabody Bird," Yellow-browed Sparrow, Bush Sparrow. 

 — Buschfink and Weisskehliger Ammerfink (German). 



SCIENTIFIC NAMES: FritigiUa albicollis Gmelin (1788). ZONOTRICHIA ALBICOLLIS Bonap. (1850). 

 Passer penttsylvanicus Briss. (1760) [Wilson]. Fring-illa pennsylvanica hath. (1790) [Audubon]. 



DESCRIPTION : "Two black stripes on crown, separated by a median one of white. A broad superciliary stripe 

 from the base of the mandible to the occiput, yellow as far as the middle of the eye and white behind this. 

 A broad black streak on the side of the head from behind the eye. Chin, white, abruptly defined against 

 the dark ash of the sides of the head and upper part of the brfiast, fading into white on the belly, and 

 margined by a narrow black maxillary line. Edge of wing and. axillaries, yellow. Back and edges of 

 secondaries rufous-brown, the former streaked with dark brown. Two narrow white bands across the 

 wing-coverts. 



"Length, 7.00 inches; wing, 3.10 ; tail, 3.20 inches." (B. B. R.) 



TREE SPARROW, 



Spizella monticola Baird. 



The windflower and the violet, they perished long: ago, 



And the brier-rose and the orchid died amid the summer glow; 



But on the hill the golden-rod, and the aster in the wood. 



And the yellow sun-flower by the brook in autumn beauty 



stood. 



Till fell the frost from the clear cold heaven, as falls the 



plague on men, 



And the brightness of their smile was gone, from upland, 



glade and glen. 



W. C. Bryant. 



MONG the limited number of northern birds spending the winter in Wisconsin 

 'J^^ and northern Illinois, the Tree Sparrow is one of the most conspicuous. Bushy 

 woodland borders, thickets in fields and meadows, and especially hedge-rows are its 

 favorite resorts during the cold winter weather. The van appears late in October. The 

 majority, however, does not arrive before the end of November. Those remaining in 

 the northern parts of the country probably come from the regions of the Yukon, the 

 Mackenzie, the Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake, Labrador, and the Hudson's Bay 

 territory. In the Ozark Mountains of south-western Missouri I found them more 

 abundant during winter than anywhere else in the United States. In northern Illinois 

 they take up their abode in the Osage orange hedges which stretch out for miles along 

 the country roads, or serve as boundary lines between the different farms. In summer 

 these hedge-rows are the favorite haunts of the Thrashers, the Catbirds, Kingbirds, and 

 Shrikes, and the nests of these birds are almost always found in these thorny thickets. 

 I never found the Thrasher so abundant as in these Osage orange hedges. In winter 

 the Great Northern Shrike makes these hedge-rows its favorable hunting ground, and 

 many an innocent Tree Sparrow falls a prey to this harmless looking butcher. During 



