158 



LOCUSTS, BUTTEKFLIKS, BEES, WASPS 



to the compound eyes there arc three simple eyes, one 

 in the middle of the forehead and one at the upper inside 

 coriier of each compound eye. 



The mouth parts are fitted for biting and are constructed 

 as follows : on the lower j^art of the face is a notched flap 

 that can be lifted up with a pin (Fig. 95). This is the 

 upper hp; just beneath this are two hartl, black bodies 



with toothed edges, 

 the mandibles (Fig. 

 97) . Below the man- 

 dililes is the second 

 pair of jaws, the max- 

 ilkf. These are more 

 complicated than the 

 mandibles and each 

 one bears a slender 

 prolongation like an 

 anteima, called a pal- 

 pus. Finally, below 

 the maxilke is the lower lip (Fig, 98), which is notched 

 and bears two slender ])alpi. 



The thorax and its appendages. — The thorax of the 

 locust is composed of three divisions: the prothontx, the 

 division next the head; the mesotlunrix, the middle tlivision; 

 and the metalhorax, the last division (Fig. 94). We can 

 distinguish these divisions by the appendages they bear. 

 For exam])lc, thei-e are three pairs of legs on the thorax, of 

 which tlie first pair is borne by the [ji-othorax, the second paii' 

 by the mesothoi'ax, and the third ])aii' by the inetathorax. 

 The legs are made u]j of segments with joints, hence are 

 fitted foi' movement. The hind pair is ^'er\■ long, large, 

 aTid muscula)'. Moreover, the Lhoi'ax hears two pairs of 



Fig. 97. — One mandible of a locust or 

 gras.sliopper. 



