ISO DTKKH M[';,MI',]';iiS OF THE CLASS — IXSECTA 



The swallowtails arc oiii- lai-<;;est butterflies, and are 

 easil)^ recognized l)y tlie prolonge(l, tail-like appendages 

 of the hind wings. Tlie black gi'ound col(jr of the wings 

 (Fig. 121) is usually conspicuously banded and marked 

 \\ith yellow, and metallic blue or green. The larva:', or 

 caterpillars, of these liutterHies are common on caraway 

 and i>arsley, and on a])|)le, cheri-y, ])liiiu, tulip trees, etc. 

 The caterpillars are jieculiar and interesting, Ijecause each 

 one has two flesliy " horns " that may be pushed out 

 through a slitlike opening on the to]) side of the front of 

 the thorax. Thc^ horns are thought to be for the purpose 

 of defense; for in some species, at least, they exhale 

 wdien jiushed out a M-ry disagreeable odor. There arc 

 several species of swallowtails, among which are the black 

 swallowtail, the tiger swallowtail, and the zebra swallow- 

 tail. 



The monarch is a \-ci'y common butterfly and is abundant 

 over the middle and eastei-n United States. It has light, 

 tawny brown wings with black ^•eins and two rows of white 

 spots around the edges. The cater|iillars, which live ui)on 

 various species of milkweed, are yellowish in color and 

 banded with lilack. The chrysalids are bright green, 

 dotted with gold. 



Moths. — Im'cii a- beginner wiW hardly mistake a moth 

 foi' a butterfly. The caterpillars of mollis are, as ii whole, 

 A'ciT much moi'c aliundant and moi'c injurious than those 

 ot butterflies. Thci'c a.i'i' also many moi-e s]:)ecies of moths 

 than butterflies. The larA'ie of some moths are among our 

 woi'st insect pjcsts. 



The largo green " woi'nis " found on tomato plants are 

 the la.iA':i' of a. m;ignilicciit hawl< moth (I'ig. V22). The 

 m(]|li li.'is long, nan-ow, j;ra('('riil wings (liat are asli-graA' in 



