INDEX 



387 



Scorpions, 144. 



Scyphozoa, 52. 



Sea anemones, ,54, 55, 360. 



Sea cucumbers, 97, 98. 



Sea lilies, 99, 345. 



Seal, fur, 325. 



Seashells, 118. 



Sea squirts, 203. 



Sea urchins, 95, 96, 97. 



Sea walnuts, 60. 



Sea worms, 86. 



Secretion of animals, 361. 



Setce of earthworms, 78. 



Sexual reproduction, 364. 



Sharks, 21.5; hammer-headed, 215, 

 216 ; great basking, 216 ; mouth of, 

 216; gills of, 216. 



Sheepshead, 221. 



Shellac, 196. 



Shipworm, 114. 



Shrew, 329. 



Shrimp, 137. 



Siebold, 379. 



Siphon of mussel, 105. 



Siphuncle, 120. 



Siren, 238. 



Sirenia, 319. 



Skates, 216. 



Skeleton, internal, 204 ; external, 204. 



Sloth, 315. 



Slugs, 116, 117. 



Snails, 115. 



Snakes, garter, 249 ; cobra, 251 ; cop- 

 perhead, 252 ; water-moccasin, 252 ; 

 rattlesnake, 252 ; harlequin, 254 ; 

 characteristics of, 254. 



Snapper, red, 221. 



Sowbug, 141. 



Sparrow, English, 268, 365 ; plumage 

 of, 269 ; wings, 271 ; legs and feet, 

 / perching, 272 ; digestion of, 273 ; 

 272 ; alimentary canal, 273 ; circu- 

 lation of, 274 ; respiration of, 275 ; 

 senses of, 275 ; nervous system of, 

 275 ; life hi.story of, 276 ; food, 277 ; 

 economic importance of, 277. 



Species defined, 25 ; affected by dis- 

 tribution of animals, 371 ; e.xtermi- 

 nation of, 372 ; formation of, 372. 



Spermaceti, 317. 



Spicules, 39. 



Spiders, 146 ; web of, 149 ; balloon- 



ing, 150 ; cobweb, 150 ; orb, 150 ; 

 trapdoor, 151. 



Spinnarets, 148. 



Sponges, 36 ; skeleton of, 41 ; sili- 

 ceous, 42 ; commercial, 43 ; eco- 

 nomic importance of, 44 ; classifi- 

 cation of, 44 ; mode of digestion, 

 361. 



Spontaneous generation, 18. 



Spoonbill, 217. 



Squid, 118. 



Starch, 7. 



Starfish, 89 ; body walls of, 90 ; skele- 

 ton of, 90 ; food of, 91 ; locomotion 

 of, 92 ; nervous system of, 93 ; life 

 history of, 93 ; coelome of, 93. 



St. Hilaire, Geoffrey, 378. 



Stingaree, 216. 



Stinging thread cells, 47. 



Struggle for existence, 353. 



Sturgeons, 217 ; roe of, 218. 



Survival of the fittest, 354. 



Swammerdam, 376. 



Swifts, 288, 294 ; chimney, 290. 



Syrphus flies, 359. 



Tailor birds, 295. 



Tapeworms, kinds of, 66 ; life history 



of, 67 ; mode of ingestion, 360. 

 Tapir, 320. 

 Tarantula, 151. 

 Teeth of rodents, 327. 

 Tentacles, 46, 47, 49. 

 Teredo, 114. 

 Terns, 282. 

 Testudinida;, 259. 

 Thorax, 307. 

 Thrush, Wilson's, 291. 

 Tick, 34 ; dog, 146 ; cattle, 145. 

 Tiger, 325. 

 Toad, common, 235, 352 ; molting of, 



236 ; hibernation of, 237 ; Surinam, 



237 ; tree, 240 ; horned, 257, 354. 

 Toothless mammals, 314. 

 Tortoise, 259. 



Tree frogs, 240, 243. 

 Treviranus, 379. 

 Trichinella spiralis, 69. 

 Trilobites, 343. 

 Trout, 221. 

 Tube feet, 90. 

 Tunicates, 203. 



