15 
confinement in the stable, or by a certain number of patho- 
logical conditions. 
The irregular and too frequent heat which is typical of 
nymhomaniac cows has always an abnormality of the ovaries 
as its cause. Zschokke never found any other lesion of the 
genital apparatus causative for it. The postmortem findings 
in nymphomania are cysts of the ovaries. They can origi- 
nate in the follicles, in the yellow bodies and in hemorrhages. 
The two latter forms, however, occur but seldom. 
The first form can be solitary or multiple, generally is 
solitary however. Other pathological conditions of the 
ovaries are produced by edemas, atrophy and tuberculosis. 
One hundred and ten cows which had nymphomania during 
life showed the following postmortem lesions: 
Large cysts in one or in both of the ovaries....74% 
Multiple Cysts acsvacgaaateateweey ie cick eee we 8% 
Central cysts with thick walls........ ..... .. 6% 
SEED ECUIOSIS oo 4 oe rssh Mare le tices ola cde ea 2% 
In the rest atrophy, yellow bodies or carcinoma were 
found. 
Is is very common that animals who have regular heat 
periods and who are regularly mated remain sterile. The 
following causes may be present: (1) Mechanical obstacles, 
as unrest of the cows during the mating act, a too deep situa- 
tion of the vagina, abnormalities of the vagina, which can be 
too narrow or obstructed through tumors, scars, cysts or 
mucous matter, pressing after the cohabitation, and similar 
conditions. (2) A too early coitus in the heat period, when 
the cervix is not yet open. (3) Occlusion of the cervix by 
spasms or other pathological conditions. (4) A diseased 
uterus, since a conception is impossible if its mucosa is in- 
flammed and covered with discharge. 
He mentiones briefly contagious abortion, which appar- 
ently is not of much importance in Switzerland, finally he 
names follicular and vesicular vaginitis. 
